利用规划权促进英国健康的体重环境

M. Chang, D. Radley
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引用次数: 2

摘要

背景:英国成人和儿童的肥胖患病率已达到临界水平。肥胖是由一系列因素决定的,包括环境和降低肥胖率的行动需要一种全系统的方法。空间规划系统使地方当局能够管理土地使用和开发决策,以应对肥胖环境。方法:这项研究旨在更好地了解地方当局如何利用规划权力来帮助解决人口肥胖问题。它回顾了关于六个规划健康体重环境主题的文献。它确定了规划系统内有哪些权力来处理这些主题。它通过地方当局内部的焦点小组和对国家利益攸关方的半结构化访谈,整理了专业人士对障碍和机会的看法。结果:这项研究补充了目前关于环境与肥胖结果之间关系的研究,尽管研究人员在文献中使用的方法不一致。它确定了三类可用的规划权力,既要求又鼓励那些负责和参与规划健康体重环境的人。通过与从业者的直接接触,它强调了在促进健康体重环境方面的挑战,包括更广泛的系统障碍,如政策优先事项冲突、地方一级缺乏政策处方和一致性,以及地方政府专业和机构能力下降的影响。结论:这些结论支持了一项规模较小但数量不断增加的研究,该研究表明,政策制定者需要确保消除障碍,然后才能有效利用规划权力,作为整个系统方法的一部分,促进健康的体重环境。这项研究是及时的,国家政府部门及其机构继续关注解决肥胖流行问题的政策和指导。这项研究是作为利兹贝克特大学研究硕士的一部分进行的,该研究与国家肥胖全系统计划有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Using planning powers to promote healthy weight environments in England
Background: The prevalence of obesity in English adults and children has reached critical levels. Obesity is determined by a wide range of factors including the environment and actions to reduce obesity prevalence requires a whole systems approach. The spatial planning system empowers local authorities to manage land use and development decisions to tackle obesogenic environments. Methods: This research aimed to better understand what and how planning powers are being utilised by local authorities to help tackle population obesity. It reviewed literature on the six planning healthy weight environments themes. It identified what powers exist within the planning system to address these themes. It collated professionals’ perspectives on the barriers and opportunities through focus groups within local authorities and semi-structured interviews with national stakeholders. Results: The research complements current research on the association between the environment and obesity outcomes, though methods employed by researchers in the literature were inconsistent. It identified three categories of planning powers available to both require and encourage those with responsibilities for and involvement in planning healthy weight environments. Through direct engagement with practitioners, it highlighted challenges in promoting healthy weight environments, including wider systems barriers such as conflicting policy priorities, lack of policy prescription and alignment at local levels, and impact from reduced professional and institutional capacity in local government. Conclusions: The conclusions support a small but increasing body of research which suggests that policy makers need to ensure barriers are removed before planning powers can be effectively used to promote healthy weight environments as part of a whole systems approach. The research is timely with continuing policy and guidance focus on tackling obesity prevalence from national government departments and their agencies. This research was conducted as part of a Master of Research at Leeds Beckett University associated with a national whole-systems to obesity programme.
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