液晶的非线性电流体力学

IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
E. S. Pikina, A. R. Muratov, E. I. Kats, V. V. Lebedev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文给出了交变电场作用下向列型和近晶型液晶的非线性动力学方程,并详细解释了其推导过程。作用于任何液晶系统中的局部电场均表示为外电场、液晶序参量反馈产生的电场和带电杂质产生的电场之和。系统倾向于减小总电场,因为它降低了能量密度。这个基本上是非线性的问题不是纯粹的学术兴趣。在液晶及其应用领域,现代实验技术已经发展到可以高精度地观察和测量液晶线性行为的微小偏差的程度。我们遵循流体力学方法,这是凝聚态系统在低频和长波长极限下的宏观描述。非线性流体动力学方程被很好地建立来描述简单的流体。类似的方法(包括与断裂的定向或平移对称相关的自由度)也被用于液晶。然而,为了研究强摄动(远高于各种电流体动力不稳定性阈值)液晶的行为,非线性方程还应包括软电磁自由度。这种不稳定性的例子有很多,例如,由竞争电力矩和粘性力矩引发的经典carr - helrich不稳定性,挠性电不稳定性等等。因此,液晶非线性电流体动力学方程完备集的自洽推导成为一项实际任务。我们工作的目的是提出这些方程,这是处理液晶中任何非线性现象的必要步骤。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nonlinear Electro-Hydrodynamics of Liquid Crystals

We present nonlinear dynamic equations for nematic and smectic A liquid crystals in the presence of an alternating electric field and explain their derivation in detail. The local electric field acting in any liquid-crystalline system is expressed as a sum of external electric field, the fields originating from feedback of liquid crystal order parameter, and a field, created by charged impurities. The system tends to decrease the total electric field, because it lowers the energy density. This basically nonlinear problem is not a pure academic interest. In the realm of liquid crystals and their applications, utilized nowadays modern experimental techniques have progressed to the point where even small deviations from the linear behavior can be observed and measured with a high accuracy. We follow hydrodynamic approach which is the macroscopic description of condensed matter systems in the low frequency and long wavelength limit. Nonlinear hydrodynamic equations are well established to describe simple fluids. Similar approaches (with degrees of freedom related to the broken orientational or translational symmetry included) have been used also for liquid crystals. However to study behavior of strongly perturbed (well above the thresholds of various electro-hydrodynamic instabilities) liquid crystals, the nonlinear equations should include soft electromagnetic degrees of freedom as well. There are many examples of such instabilities, e.g., classical Carr-Helfrich instability triggered by the competitive electric and viscous torques, flexoelectric instability, and so one. Therefore the self-consistent derivation of the complete set of the nonlinear electro-hydrodynamic equations for liquid crystals became an actual task. The aim of our work is to present these equations, which is a mandatory step to handle any nonlinear phenomenon in liquid crystals.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
9.10%
发文量
130
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics is one of the most influential physics research journals. Originally based on Russia, this international journal now welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language. It publishes original papers on fundamental theoretical and experimental research in all fields of physics: from solids and liquids to elementary particles and astrophysics.
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