{"title":"模拟捕获的背风波对海上风电场输出功率的影响","authors":"S. Ollier, S. Watson","doi":"10.5194/wes-8-1179-2023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Mesoscale meteorological phenomena, including atmospheric\ngravity waves (AGWs) and including trapped lee waves (TLWs), can result from\nflow over topography or coastal transition in the presence of stable\natmospheric stratification, particularly with strong capping inversions.\nSatellite images show that topographically forced TLWs frequently occur\naround near-coastal offshore wind farms. Yet current understanding of how\nthey interact with individual turbines and whole farm energy output is\nlimited. This parametric study investigates the potential impact of TLWs on\na UK near-coastal offshore wind farm, Westermost Rough (WMR), resulting from\nwesterly–southwesterly flow over topography in the southeast of England. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling (using Ansys CFX) of TLW\nsituations based on real atmospheric conditions at WMR was used to better\nunderstand turbine level and whole wind farm performance in this parametric\nstudy based on real inflow conditions. These simulations indicated that TLWs\nhave the potential to significantly alter the wind speeds experienced by and\nthe resultant power output of individual turbines and the whole wind farm.\nThe location of the wind farm in the TLW wave cycle was an important factor\nin determining the magnitude of TLW impacts, given the expected wavelength\nof the TLW. Where the TLW trough was coincident with the wind farm, the\nturbine wind speeds and power outputs were more substantially reduced\ncompared with when the TLW peak was coincident with the location of the wind\nfarm. These reductions were mediated by turbine wind speeds and wake losses\nbeing superimposed on the TLW. However, the same initial flow conditions\ninteracting with topography under different atmospheric stability settings\nproduce differing near-wind-farm flow. Factors influencing the flow within\nthe wind farm under the different stability conditions include differing,\nhill and coastal transition recovery, wind farm blockage effects, and wake\nrecovery. Determining how much of the differences in wind speed and power\noutput in the wind farm resulted from the TLW is an area for future\ndevelopment.\n","PeriodicalId":46540,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Modelling the impact of trapped lee waves on offshore wind farm power output\",\"authors\":\"S. Ollier, S. Watson\",\"doi\":\"10.5194/wes-8-1179-2023\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract. Mesoscale meteorological phenomena, including atmospheric\\ngravity waves (AGWs) and including trapped lee waves (TLWs), can result from\\nflow over topography or coastal transition in the presence of stable\\natmospheric stratification, particularly with strong capping inversions.\\nSatellite images show that topographically forced TLWs frequently occur\\naround near-coastal offshore wind farms. Yet current understanding of how\\nthey interact with individual turbines and whole farm energy output is\\nlimited. This parametric study investigates the potential impact of TLWs on\\na UK near-coastal offshore wind farm, Westermost Rough (WMR), resulting from\\nwesterly–southwesterly flow over topography in the southeast of England. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling (using Ansys CFX) of TLW\\nsituations based on real atmospheric conditions at WMR was used to better\\nunderstand turbine level and whole wind farm performance in this parametric\\nstudy based on real inflow conditions. These simulations indicated that TLWs\\nhave the potential to significantly alter the wind speeds experienced by and\\nthe resultant power output of individual turbines and the whole wind farm.\\nThe location of the wind farm in the TLW wave cycle was an important factor\\nin determining the magnitude of TLW impacts, given the expected wavelength\\nof the TLW. Where the TLW trough was coincident with the wind farm, the\\nturbine wind speeds and power outputs were more substantially reduced\\ncompared with when the TLW peak was coincident with the location of the wind\\nfarm. These reductions were mediated by turbine wind speeds and wake losses\\nbeing superimposed on the TLW. However, the same initial flow conditions\\ninteracting with topography under different atmospheric stability settings\\nproduce differing near-wind-farm flow. Factors influencing the flow within\\nthe wind farm under the different stability conditions include differing,\\nhill and coastal transition recovery, wind farm blockage effects, and wake\\nrecovery. Determining how much of the differences in wind speed and power\\noutput in the wind farm resulted from the TLW is an area for future\\ndevelopment.\\n\",\"PeriodicalId\":46540,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Wind Energy Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-07-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Wind Energy Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1179-2023\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Wind Energy Science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1179-2023","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Modelling the impact of trapped lee waves on offshore wind farm power output
Abstract. Mesoscale meteorological phenomena, including atmospheric
gravity waves (AGWs) and including trapped lee waves (TLWs), can result from
flow over topography or coastal transition in the presence of stable
atmospheric stratification, particularly with strong capping inversions.
Satellite images show that topographically forced TLWs frequently occur
around near-coastal offshore wind farms. Yet current understanding of how
they interact with individual turbines and whole farm energy output is
limited. This parametric study investigates the potential impact of TLWs on
a UK near-coastal offshore wind farm, Westermost Rough (WMR), resulting from
westerly–southwesterly flow over topography in the southeast of England. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling (using Ansys CFX) of TLW
situations based on real atmospheric conditions at WMR was used to better
understand turbine level and whole wind farm performance in this parametric
study based on real inflow conditions. These simulations indicated that TLWs
have the potential to significantly alter the wind speeds experienced by and
the resultant power output of individual turbines and the whole wind farm.
The location of the wind farm in the TLW wave cycle was an important factor
in determining the magnitude of TLW impacts, given the expected wavelength
of the TLW. Where the TLW trough was coincident with the wind farm, the
turbine wind speeds and power outputs were more substantially reduced
compared with when the TLW peak was coincident with the location of the wind
farm. These reductions were mediated by turbine wind speeds and wake losses
being superimposed on the TLW. However, the same initial flow conditions
interacting with topography under different atmospheric stability settings
produce differing near-wind-farm flow. Factors influencing the flow within
the wind farm under the different stability conditions include differing,
hill and coastal transition recovery, wind farm blockage effects, and wake
recovery. Determining how much of the differences in wind speed and power
output in the wind farm resulted from the TLW is an area for future
development.