W.E.B. Du Bois Against U.S. Capitalist Racism: Durable Peace and the Fulfillment of People(s)-Centered Human Rights

Abstract This article argues that W.E.B. Du Bois’s struggle for a durable peace was inextricably linked to his rejection of the United States’ racialized economic order that emplaced Blacks at the bottom of society within its borders and, given its imperial ambitions, threatened perpetual war abroad, with particularly dire consequences for colonized peoples. The first section re-interprets Du Bois’s writings and speeches about “caste” as, more accurately, explicating a system of “U.S. capitalist racism” in the United States that was inexorably tied to imperialism and war. Such clarity opens up an understanding of Du Bois’s conception of peace not as the absence of conflict, but rather as a necessary condition for the eradication of political, economic, and social inequality and injustice on a world scale. The next section argues that Du Bois’s analysis and critique of U.S. capitalist racism undergirded his advocacy of “People(s)-Centered Human Rights” (PCHR). Coined by Black Alliance for Peace National Organizer Ajamu Baraka, PCHR emanate from and address the everyday realities, needs, and challenges of racialized and colonized people. For Du Bois, PCHR could only be achieved through a durable peace, and durable peace could only be maintained through the extension of PCHR to all persons irrespective of race, class, or nation. The final section explicates how this anticapitalist, antiracist, anti-imperial, and anticolonial conception of durable peace drew the ire of the U.S. government and made Du Bois, the Peace Information Center, and his fellow peace activists targets of Black Scare and Red Scare repression.