权力的精神病:对奥古斯托·罗亚·巴斯托斯的《我,至高无上》的拉康式解读

William Egginton
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引用次数: 0

摘要

70年代中期,巴拉圭经历了20年的独裁统治,这最终将成为其历史上第二长的独裁统治时期,仅次于其“国父”何塞·罗德里格斯·加斯帕尔·德·弗兰西亚博士的统治。阿尔弗雷多·斯特罗斯纳(Alfredo Stroessner)政权证明了其存在的合理性,并根据国家身份谱系阐明了其在巴拉圭政治中的持续作用,该谱系被认为植根于弗兰西亚政府、弗兰西亚的政治意识形态,事实上,也植根于弗兰西娅本人的历史人物。在这篇文章中,我展示了伟大的巴拉圭作家奥古斯托·罗亚·巴斯托斯1974年的小说《我,最高者》如何瞄准斯特罗斯纳政权政治谱系中的“真实的内核”,用小说来证明其对国家和民族主义身份的变形操纵。通过借用政权的历史话语,我,最高法院揭示了其政治权力版本的精神病逻辑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Psychosis of Power: A Lacanian Reading of Augusto Roa Bastos’s I, the Supreme
In the mid-seventies, Paraguay was two decades into what would ultimately be the second longest dictatorship in its history, second only to the reign of its “founding father,” Doctor José Rodríguez Gaspar de Francia. The regime of Alfredo Stroessner justified its existence and articulated its continued role in Paraguayan politics on a genealogy of national identity that had its supposed roots in the Francia government, Francia’s political ideology and, in fact, in the historical person of Francia himself. In this essay I show how the great Paraguayan writer Augusto Roa Bastos’s 1974 novel, I, the Supreme, takes aim at the “kernel of the real” in the Stroessner regime’s political genealogy, using fiction to make evident its anamorphic manipulation of national and nationalist identity. By taking at its word the regime’s historical discourse, I, the Supreme reveals the psychotic logic animating its version of political power.
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