太阳周期

IF 20.9 1区 物理与天体物理
David H. Hathaway
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引用次数: 595

摘要

回顾了太阳周期。太阳活动的11年周期的特点是太阳黑子的数量和表面积的上升和下降。其他一些太阳活动指标也与太阳黑子有关,包括;10.7 cm射电通量,太阳总辐照度,磁场,耀斑和日冕物质抛射,地磁活动,银河系宇宙射线通量,以及树木年轮和冰芯中的放射性同位素。单个太阳活动周期的特征包括最大值和最小值、周期周期和振幅、周期形状、活动纬度的赤道漂移、半球不对称性和活动经度。周期到周期的变异性包括蒙德极小期、格莱斯伯格周期和格内维舍夫-奥尔(奇偶)规则。短期变率包括154天周期、准两年变化和双峰最大值。最后,我们对太阳周期的预测技术进行了检验,并对太阳周期23和24进行了更仔细的研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The Solar Cycle

The Solar Cycle

The solar cycle is reviewed. The 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. A number of other solar activity indicators also vary in association with the sunspots including; the 10.7 cm radio flux, the total solar irradiance, the magnetic field, flares and coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic activity, galactic cosmic ray fluxes, and radioisotopes in tree rings and ice cores. Individual solar cycles are characterized by their maxima and minima, cycle periods and amplitudes, cycle shape, the equatorward drift of the active latitudes, hemispheric asymmetries, and active longitudes. Cycle-to-cycle variability includes the Maunder Minimum, the Gleissberg Cycle, and the Gnevyshev-Ohl (even-odd) Rule. Short-term variability includes the 154-day periodicity, quasi-biennial variations, and double-peaked maxima. We conclude with an examination of prediction techniques for the solar cycle and a closer look at cycles 23 and 24.

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来源期刊
Living Reviews in Solar Physics
Living Reviews in Solar Physics ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS-
自引率
1.40%
发文量
3
期刊介绍: Living Reviews in Solar Physics, a platinum open-access journal, publishes invited reviews covering research across all areas of solar and heliospheric physics. It distinguishes itself by maintaining a collection of high-quality reviews regularly updated by the authors. Established in 2004, it was founded by the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS). "Living Reviews®" is a registered trademark of Springer International Publishing AG.
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