2005年至2018年加拿大肥胖趋势:一项基于人口的连续横断面研究

CMAJ open Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI:10.9778/cmajo.20210205
E. Lytvyak, S. Straube, R. Modi, Karen Lee
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引用次数: 3

摘要

背景:肥胖在世界范围内越来越普遍,在包括加拿大在内的许多国家正在成为一种流行病。我们试图在国家和省或地区层面描述和分析2005年至2018年加拿大成年人的时间肥胖趋势。方法:我们使用7个连续的加拿大社区卫生调查(CCHS)周期(2005年至2017/18年)的数据进行了连续的横断面研究。我们纳入了来自加拿大成年人(年龄≥18岁)的数据,这些成年人参加了连续7个CCHS周期中的至少1个周期,并且具有身体质量指数值(由加拿大统计局根据受访者自我报告的体重和身高计算)。肥胖患病率(调整体重指数≥30)是主要结局变量。我们使用Pearson χ2检验(Bonferroni校正)和Cochran-Armitage趋势检验分析肥胖患病率的时间趋势。结果:我们纳入了746 408名(403 582名女性和342 826名男性)CCHS参与者的数据。在加拿大,肥胖症患病率在2005年至2017/18年间显著增加,从22.2%增加到27.2% (p < 0.001)。我们观察到男女、所有年龄组和加拿大所有省份和地区的增长(p < 0.001)。2017/18年度,男性肥胖率高于女性(28.9% vs . 25.4%;P < 0.001);40-69岁成人患病率超过30%。在2017/18年度,纽芬兰和拉布拉多的肥胖率最高(39.4%),不列颠哥伦比亚省的肥胖率最低(22.8%)。在14年的研究期间,魁北克省和阿尔伯塔省的肥胖率相对上升幅度最大。解释:在2017/18年度,超过四分之一的加拿大成年人患有肥胖症,从2005年到2017/18年度,加拿大成年人的肥胖症患病率在性别、年龄组和加拿大所有省份和地区均大幅增加,达到27.2%。我们的研究结果呼吁采取紧急行动,在加拿大所有省份和地区确定、实施和评估肥胖预防和管理的解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Trends in obesity across Canada from 2005 to 2018: a consecutive cross-sectional population-based study
Background: Obesity is increasingly prevalent worldwide and is becoming an epidemic in many countries, including Canada. We sought to describe and analyze temporal obesity trends in the Canadian adult population from 2005 through 2018 at the national and provincial or territorial levels. Methods: We conducted a consecutive, cross-sectional study using data from 7 sequential Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) cycles (2005 to 2017/18). We included data from Canadian adults (age ≥ 18 yr) who participated in at least 1 of the 7 consecutive CCHS cycles and who had body mass index values (calculated by Statistics Canada based on respondents’ self-reported weight and height). Obesity prevalence (adjusted body mass index ≥ 30) was a primary outcome variable. We analyzed temporal trends in obesity prevalence using Pearson χ2 tests with Bonferroni adjustment, and the Cochran–Armitage test of trend. Results: We included data from 746 408 (403 582 female and 342 826 male) CCHS participants. Across Canada, the prevalence of obesity increased significantly between 2005 and 2017/18, from 22.2% to 27.2% (p < 0.001). We observed increases across both sexes, all age groups and all Canadian provinces and territories (p < 0.001). In 2017/18, the prevalence of obesity was higher among males than females (28.9% v. 25.4%; p < 0.001); the prevalence among adults aged 40–69 years exceeded 30%. In 2017/18, Newfoundland and Labrador had the highest prevalence (39.4%), and British Columbia had the lowest (22.8%) prevalence of obesity. Over the 14-year study period, Quebec and Alberta exhibited the largest relative increases in obesity. Interpretation: In 2017/18, more than 1 in 4 adult Canadians lived with obesity, and from 2005 to 2017/18, the prevalence of obesity among adults in Canada increased substantially across sexes, age groups and all Canadian provinces and territories to 27.2%. Our findings call for urgent actions to identify, implement and evaluate solutions for obesity prevention and management in all Canadian provinces and territories.
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