大豆-小麦种植顺序下养分管理对土壤微生物特性和垂直土壤固氮的长期影响

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI:10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00032.3

Jalendra Bairwa, B. S. Dwivedi, Anay Rawat, R. Thakur, Neeta Mahawar

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引用次数: 2

摘要

本实验于2018-19年在印度中央邦贾巴尔普尔的土壤科学和农业化学系研究农场进行，该项目自1972年以来一直在进行全印度大豆-小麦种植顺序长期肥料试验协调研究项目。在一个有46年历史的Vertisol长期施肥试验中，研究了不同营养组合下土壤的微生物特性和固氮作用。实验在随机区组设计中进行，包括10个处理，即T1:50%NPK，T2:100%NPK、T3:150%NPK、T4:100%NPK+手动除草（100%NPK+HW）、T5:100%NPK+锌（100%NPK+Zn）、T6:100%NP、T7:100%N、T8:100%NPK/5t FYM ha-1（100%NPK+FYM）、T9:100%NP钾（-S）和T10:对照，每个处理在随机区段设计中重复四次。从0–15 cm深度收集所有处理的土壤样本，并估计土壤的微生物特性和N2固定。在100%NPK+FYM条件下，土壤有机碳、总氮和有效氮显著增加。同样，在播种后30、45和60天，100%NPK+FYM处理也记录到了根瘤的最大数量及其生物量。土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量分别为39.1×107、42.7×104和39.1×105 cfu g-1，无机肥和有机肥（100%NPK+FYM）的综合施用高于对照（分别为11.7×107、18.5×104和13.6×105 cfug-1土壤）。此外，即使经过46年的试验，平衡剂量化肥与FYM的联合使用在土壤微生物生物量碳和微生物生物量氮方面也明显优于其他处理。随着施肥量的增加，大豆的籽粒和秸秆产量及其氮吸收量也显著增加，100%NPK+FYM处理的产量和氮吸收量均高于对照。

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Long-term effect of nutrient management on soil microbial properties and nitrogen fixation in a vertisol under soybean-wheat cropping sequence

The present experiment was conducted during 2018-19 under the ongoing All India Coordinated Research Project on Long-term Fertilizer Experiment with soybean-wheat cropping sequence since 1972 at the Research Farm of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. The microbial properties and nitrogen (N2) fixation of soil under different nutrient combinations were studied in a 46-year old long-term fertilizer experiment in a Vertisol. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design comprising of 10 treatments viz., T1: 50% NPK, T2: 100% NPK, T3: 150% NPK, T4: 100% NPK + Hand weeding (100% NPK+HW), T5: 100% NPK + zinc (100% NPK + Zn), T6: 100% NP, T7: 100% N, T8: 100% NPK+ 5 t FYM ha-1 (100% NPK+FYM), T9: 100% NPK(–S) and T10: Control, each treatment being replicated four times in a randomized block design. Soil samples from all the treatments were collected from 0–15 cm depth and microbial properties and N2 fixation of soil were estimated. Significant increase in soil organic carbon, total N and available N were recorded with 100% NPK+FYM. Similarly, the maximum number of nodules and their biomass were also recorded in 100% NPK+FYM treatment at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing. The bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes population counts in soil were 39.1×107, 42.7×104 and 39.1×105 cfu g-1 soil, respectively with the integrated application of inorganic fertilizer and organic manure (100% NPK+FYM) over control (11.7×107, 18.5×104 and 13.6×105 cfu g-1 soil, respectively). Further, the conjoint use of balance dose of fertilizers with FYM was also significantly superior in terms of soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass N over other treatments even after 46 years of experimentation. The grain and straw yield of soybean and their N uptake were also significantly increased with graded dose of fertilizers and maximum yield and N uptake were noted in 100% NPK+FYM treatments over control plot.

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来源期刊

Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： To cultivate and promote soil science and kindred branches of science. To disseminate the knowledge of soil science and its applications, through meetings, discussions, and publications. To promote judicious interactive use of soil, water and other natural resources, fertilizer and other inputs to maintain quality and resilience of soil for sustainable agriculture. To foster high standards in the teaching and education of soil science. To work in close association with learned societies and organizations having similar objectives. To create public awareness about the importance of soil as a finite natural resource. To carry out research and to perform all other acts, matters, and things that may assist in, or be conduce to, or be necessary for the fulfillment of objectives and purposes of the Society.