15年来美国乔治亚州蓝莓苗圃病害管理生产实践的变化

IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE
J. Haralson, P. Brannen, Walt Sanders, H. Scherm
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2007年和2022年对美国乔治亚州蓝莓[兔眼蓝莓(Vaccinium virgatum)和南方高丛蓝莓(Vaccinium corymbosum)种间杂交品种]苗圃进行了调查,以确定繁殖方法的流行程度及其相关性,特别是与疾病管理相关的方法。与2007年(18)相比,2022年(7)调查的苗圃数量减少表明,乔治亚州蓝莓苗圃产业已经整合。然而,在这些剩余的苗圃中,文化病管理做法普遍有所改善。2007年,插枝在容器中种植的苗圃中,77.8%的苗圃重复使用容器,66.7%的苗圃在使用前没有对容器进行消毒。29.4%的苗圃在随后的生产周期中重复使用生长介质[松树(Pinus sp.)树皮],尽管这种介质的重复使用往往与床上生产有关,而不是容器(P = 0.08)。苗圃使用井水占88.2%,池塘水占11.8%。在略少于一半的苗圃中,插枝是在长凳上(而不是在地上)种植的。相比之下,2022年接受调查的所有苗圃都在容器中种植插枝,使用井水,并且增加了长凳的使用,尽管只是轻微的。虽然所有托儿所都重复使用容器,但只有28.5%的托儿所在使用前没有对容器进行消毒,只有14.3%的托儿所报告重复使用培养基。2007年调查的大多数苗圃(83.3%)使用人工智能进行常规的、基于日历的杀菌剂计划,主要针对地上疾病(枯萎病和叶斑病),其次针对土壤传播的水霉菌(卵菌纲中的疫霉和霉)。相比之下,在2022年的调查中,42.8%的人采用了2至3周的喷雾计划,42.8%的人根据需要使用杀菌剂,14.4%的人采用了每月的计划,这表明杀菌剂的使用时间表在其他苗圃之间差异很大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Changes in Production Practices Used for Disease Management in Blueberry Nurseries in Georgia, USA, Over a 15-year Period
Surveys of blueberry [rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum) and southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum interspecific hybrids)] nurseries in the State of Georgia, USA, were conducted in 2007 and 2022 to determine the prevalence of and associations among propagation practices, especially related to disease management. As indicated by the reduction in surveyed nurseries in 2022 (7) compared with 2007 (18), the Georgia blueberry nursery industry has consolidated. However, cultural disease management practices have generally improved in these remaining nurseries. In 2007, in nurseries where cuttings were grown in containers, 77.8% reused containers and 66.7% did not sterilize them before use. The growing medium [pine (Pinus sp.) bark] was reused for subsequent production cycles in 29.4% of nurseries, although such reuse of media tended to be associated with production in beds as opposed to containers (P = 0.08). Nurseries used well water in 88.2% and pond water in 11.8% of cases. Cuttings were grown on benches (vs. the ground) in slightly fewer than half of the nurseries. In contrast, all nurseries surveyed in 2022 grew their cuttings in containers, used well water, and had increased bench use, albeit only slightly. Although all nurseries reused containers, only 28.5% did not sterilize containers before use, and only 14.3% of nurseries reported reusing media. Most nurseries surveyed in 2007 (83.3%) were on a routine, calendar-based fungicide program using a.i. targeted primarily against aboveground diseases (blights and leaf spots) and secondarily against soil-borne water molds (Phytophthora and Pythium species of the Oomycetes class). In contrast, 42.8% of those surveyed in 2022 were on a 2- to 3-week spray schedule, 42.8% used fungicides on an as-needed basis, and 14.4% were on a monthly schedule, indicating that fungicide scheduling varied dramatically among the remaining nurseries.
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来源期刊
Horttechnology
Horttechnology 农林科学-园艺
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
10.00%
发文量
67
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: HortTechnology serves as the primary outreach publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Its mission is to provide science-based information to professional horticulturists, practitioners, and educators; promote and encourage an interchange of ideas among scientists, educators, and professionals working in horticulture; and provide an opportunity for peer review of practical horticultural information.
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