花外花蜜介导的蚂蚁-植物共生网络的结构稳定性：观察巴西亚马逊森林破碎化的影响

IF 0.7 4区农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY

Sociobiology Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI:10.13102/sociobiology.v69i3.8261

P. Miranda, J. E. L. S. Ribeiro, Erick J. Corro, Izaias Brasil, J. Delabie, W. Dáttilo

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引用次数: 2

摘要

雨林破碎化严重影响生物多样性和物种组成，主要是由于栖息地的丧失。几项研究已经表明森林破碎化对植物和蚂蚁群落的影响。然而，到目前为止，关于森林破碎化如何影响网络中蚂蚁与植物相互作用的经验知识有限。我们研究了雨林片段的结构对花外蜜腺介导的蚂蚁-植物相互作用网络结构的影响。我们在巴西亚马逊地区的十片森林碎片中进行了这项研究，面积从大约5到3000公顷不等。在每个片段中，我们建立了一个6250m2的图，其中记录了所有蚂蚁与植物的相互作用，并计算了以下网络描述符：相互作用的数量、网络大小、网络专业化、相互作用的多样性和嵌套性。我们使用了四个解释变量来研究森林碎片化对这些网络描述符的影响：碎片配置的三个指标（即碎片面积、边缘不规则性和连通性）和每个碎片内的森林结构，以树冠覆盖率表示。我们没有检测到解释变量对网络描述符的任何影响。在具有不同配置的森林碎片中采样的网络的结构稳定性可能与在高度相互作用物种的中心核心观察到的蚂蚁物种的恒定性有关。我们的结果证实了其他研究，这些研究强调了由EFN介导的这些兼性蚂蚁-植物网络在不同的空间和时间梯度中的结构稳定性。尽管如此，多面手核心中植物物种的低恒定性应该被理解为一种警告，主要是因为这种保护性互利共生（即，以食物分泌物换取对食草动物的保护）的功能仍然未知。

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Structural Stability of Ant-plant Mutualistic Networks Mediated by Extrafloral Nectaries: Looking at the Effects of Forest Fragmentation in the Brazilian Amazon

Rainforest fragmentation drastically affects biodiversity and species composition, mainly due to habitat loss. Several studies have already shown the effects of forest fragmentation on plant and ant communities. To date, however, there is limited empirical knowledge of how forest fragmentation affects ant-plant interaction in networks. We investigated the effects of the configuration of rainforest fragments on the structure of ant-plant interaction networks mediated by extrafloral nectaries (EFNs). We carried out this study in ten forest fragments, ranging in size from approximately 5 to 3,000 ha, located in the Brazilian Amazon. In each fragment we established a plot of 6,250 m2, in which all ant-plant interactions were recorded, and calculated the following network descriptors: number of interactions, network size, network specialization, diversity of interactions, and nestedness. We used four explanatory variables to investigate the effects of forest fragmentation on these network descriptors: three metrics of the configuration of fragments (i.e., fragment area, edge irregularity, and connectivity) and the forest structure within each fragment, represented by canopy cover. We did not detect any effect of the explanatory variables on the network descriptors. The structural stability of the networks sampled in forest fragments with different configurations is possibly related to the observed constancy of ant species in the central core of highly interacting species. Our results corroborate other studies highlighting the structural stability of these facultative ant-plant networks mediated by EFNs in different spatial and temporal gradients. Nonetheless, the low constancy of plant species in the generalist core should be understood as a warning, mainly because the functionality of this protective mutualism (i.e., food secretions in exchange for protection against herbivory) remains unknown.

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来源期刊

Sociobiology 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

11.10%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： SOCIOBIOLOGY publishes high quality articles that significantly contribute to the knowledge of Entomology, with emphasis on social insects. Articles previously submitted to other journals are not accepted. SOCIOBIOLOGY publishes original research papers and invited review articles on all aspects related to the biology, evolution and systematics of social and pre-social insects (Ants, Termites, Bees and Wasps). The journal is currently expanding its scope to incorporate the publication of articles dealing with other arthropods that exhibit sociality. Articles may cover a range of subjects such as ecology, ethology, morphology, population genetics, physiology, toxicology, reproduction, sociobiology, caste differentiation as well as economic impact and pest management.