20岁入侵伊拉克:伊拉克的黑手党国家

IF 4.3 1区社会学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Journal of Democracy Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1353/jod.2023.0022

Kanan Makiya

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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:如何描述2003年的美国战争?它是数百万人从暴政下的“解放”，还是一次令人深恶痛绝的“占领”?这篇文章反映了临时管理委员会(IGC)——在美国领导的入侵伊拉克和推翻萨达姆·侯赛因之后成立的——是如何将“民主”与基于muhassasa的“代表制”结合在一起的(muhassasa是指根据宗派或种族标准，通过主要政党领导人的“共识”来填补关键政府职位的做法)。IGC的这种安排被证明是滋生腐败的温床。2003年后，身份政治继续影响着伊拉克政治精英的观点，但今天，新一代已经开始发出自己的声音。这一代人相信伊拉克是一个国家，并理解民主不仅仅是一种可以在不同群体之间分配的战利品。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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The Iraq Invasion at Twenty: Iraq’s Mafia State

Abstract:How should one characterize the U.S. war of 2003? Was it a “liberation” of millions of people from tyranny, or a much hated “occupation”? This essay reflects on how the Interim Governing Council (IGC)—formed following the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq and the removal of Saddam Hussein—conflated “democracy” with “representation” based on muhassasa (the practice of filling key government posts by “consensus” of the major-party bosses, using sectarian or ethnic criteria). This arrangement of the IGC proved ripe for corruption. Post-2003, identity politics continued to shape the outlook of Iraq‘s political elite, but today a new generation has begun making itself heard. This generation believes in Iraq as a nation and understands democracy as more than a source of spoils to be divided among groups.

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来源期刊

Journal of Democracy POLITICAL SCIENCE-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

6.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Since its inception in 1990, the Journal of Democracy has become an influential international forum for scholarly analysis and competing democratic viewpoints. Its articles have been cited in The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal and widely reprinted in many languages. Focusing exclusively on democracy, the Journal monitors and analyzes democratic regimes and movements in scores of countries around the world. Each issue features a unique blend of scholarly analysis, reports from democratic activists, updates on news and elections, and reviews of important recent books.