大气相干结构的表征及其对公用事业规模风力涡轮机的影响

IF 2.8 Q2 MECHANICS
Aliza Abraham, Jiarong Hong
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引用次数: 2

摘要

众所周知,大气湍流速度波动会增加风力机结构载荷并加速尾迹恢复,但大气中涡旋相干结构对风力机的影响尚未得到评估。目前的研究使用了自然降雪流成像,视场跨越入流和近尾流。在2.5 MW风力机的叶顶高度到轮毂高度之间的气流中,识别并表征了直径约为1 m的涡旋相干结构。评估了它们对涡轮结构载荷、发电和尾流性能的影响。长相干结构包$(\ mathm {\ \mathbin{\lower。3ex\hbox{$\buildrel> \over {\smash{\scriptstyle\sim}\vphantom{_x}}$}}\ 200\;\textrm{m)}$增加了水轮机支撑塔上的波动应力。大的流入涡与涡轮叶片相互作用,导致与预期发电量的偏差。这些偏差的符号与旋涡的旋转方向有关,与叶片上的循环方向相同的旋转导致功率过剩,相反的旋转导致功率不足。电力短缺的时期与尾流收缩事件相吻合。这些发现强调了在进行涡轮机设计和选址决策时考虑连贯结构特性的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Characterization of atmospheric coherent structures and their impact on a utility-scale wind turbine
Abstract Atmospheric turbulent velocity fluctuations are known to increase wind turbine structural loading and accelerate wake recovery, but the impact of vortical coherent structures in the atmosphere on wind turbines has not yet been evaluated. The current study uses flow imaging with natural snowfall with a field of view spanning the inflow and near wake. Vortical coherent structures with diameters of the order of 1 m are identified and characterized in the flow approaching a 2.5 MW wind turbine in the region spanning the bottom blade tip elevation to hub height. Their impact on turbine structural loading, power generation and wake behaviour are evaluated. Long coherent structure packets $(\mathrm{\ \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel> \over {\smash{\scriptstyle\sim}\vphantom{_x}}$}}\ }200\;\textrm{m)}$ are shown to increase fluctuating stresses on the turbine support tower. Large inflow vortices interact with the turbine blades, leading to deviations from the expected power generation. The sign of these deviations is related to the rotation direction of the vortices, with rotation in the same direction as the circulation on the blades leading to periods of power surplus, and the opposite rotation causing power deficit. Periods of power deficit coincide with wake contraction events. These findings highlight the importance of considering coherent structure properties when making turbine design and siting decisions.
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CiteScore
2.40
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