历史语言学视野中的乌加里特语和圣经希伯来语被动语态

IF 0.2 2区哲学 0 RELIGION

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DIE ALTTESTAMENTLICHE WISSENSCHAFT Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI:10.1515/zaw-2023-1005

Tania Notarius

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引用次数: 0

摘要

乌加里特语和圣经希伯来语中的被动素质由四种形态类别来表达:Qal被动干、Niphal干、Qal被动分词和人称结构。这些类别的分布和功能在语言发展的不同阶段是不成比例的。本文主要研究了Qal被动词干和Niphal词干的分布。在乌加里特诗歌的语言中，被动G是占主导地位的范畴;在乌加里特散文语言中，G被动语态和n干语态都用来表示被动。在经典圣经希伯来文的语言中，在被动功能中有Qal被动和Niphal的例子，但情况与Ugaritic本质上不同:在希伯来语中，这些词干之间的词汇重叠更广泛，Niphal可以用于非个人被动结构。在《圣经》晚期的希伯来语中，被动语态Qal实际上已经不再使用了。在库姆兰希伯来语中，Qal被动语态偶尔得到证实，显然是一种古化保留。

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Passive Voice in Ugaritic and Biblical Hebrew in the Historical Linguistic Perspective

Abstract Passive diathesis in Ugaritic and Biblical Hebrew is expressed by four morphological categories: Qal passive stem, Niphal stem, Qal passive participle, and impersonal construction. The distribution and functions of these categories are not proportional at different stages of the development of these languages. This paper concentrates on the distribution of Qal passive and Niphal stems. In the language of Ugaritic poetry G passive is the prevailing category; in the language of Ugaritic prose both G passive and N-stem are used to express passivity. In the languages of Classical Biblical Hebrew prose there are examples of Qal passive and Niphal in the passive function, but the situation is essentially different from Ugaritic: in Hebrew the lexical overlap between these stems is broader, and Niphal can be used in impersonal passive constructions. In Late Biblical Hebrew Qal passive is practically out of use. In Qumran Hebrew the Qal passive forms are sporadically attested, apparently as an archaizing retention.

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来源期刊

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DIE ALTTESTAMENTLICHE WISSENSCHAFT RELIGION-

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, which is published in four issues of 160 pages each plus supplements, has been the leading international and interconfessional periodical in the field of research in the Old Testament und Early Judaism for over one hundred years. Open to various ways of posing the questions of scholarship, the journal features high quality contributions in English, German, and French. Through its review of periodicals and books, it provides fast and reliable information concerning new publications in the field.