LPLP在不断变化的环境中的作用

IF 0.4 4区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
F. Grin
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引用次数: 4

摘要

如今,学者、政治家、记者和广大公民似乎达成了广泛共识,即在过去几十年中,特别是自1989年柏林墙倒塌以来,语言和文化多样性已成为公众关注的焦点。语言和文化多样性作为我们时代的一个主要社会问题的突出地位本身就是一个有趣的事实。大约五十年前,技术进步和经济增长,特别是在世界精英中,经常被认为是人类历史上的一个新时代,在这个时代,语言和文化问题只会成为现代社会生活和进步的外围装饰或障碍。尽管社会发生了变化(1968年5月运动在欧洲体现了这一点),地缘政治也发生了转变(越南战争的演变就是例证),但对进步单向性的信念仍然占主导地位。在许多方面,语言基本上被视为问题,这些问题本应得到解决——例如在非殖民化的背景下。然而,情况却大不相同。近代史上的一些重大变化有助于解释为什么语言和文化问题重新变得如此引人注目。如果不尝试深入分析这些变化及其各自的影响,我们就可以确定其中的三个。首先是以前苏联解体为标志的地缘政治转变。在20世纪的大部分时间里,大国之间的竞争一直是国际地缘政治秩序的一个结构性特征,但这种竞争虽然没有完全消失,但已经发生了根本性的变化。20世纪90年代初苏联解体,使种族、语言和文化多样性的组成部分得以重新出现和重新确立,而这些组成部分往往被认为是过去的或无关紧要的。这种重新出现证明了人类社会语言和文化方面的非凡韧性。这些变化中的第二个体现在加速技术进步,特别是在信息和通信技术方面,包括自动翻译,以及这些技术进步可能的实际用途。对技术多样性的影响
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of LPLP in a changing landscape
There seems to be a broad consensus nowadays among scholars, politicians, journalists and citizens at large that in the course of the last few decades, and particularly since the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989, linguistic and cultural diversity has moved to the forefront of public concerns. The prominence of linguistic and cultural diversity as a major social issue of our times is an interesting fact in its own right. Some fifty years ago, technical progress and economic growth were often assumed, particularly among cosmopolitan elites, to usher in a new era in human history, in which matters of language and culture would become little more than peripheral embellishments, or impediments, in the life and progress of modern societies. Despite social change (epitomized, in Europe, by the May 1968 movement) and emerging geopolitical shifts (illustrated by the evolution of the Vietnam war), belief in the unidirectionality of progress remained dominant. In many quarters, languages were essentially seen as problems, and those problems were meant to be solved – for example in the context of decolonization. However, things have turned out quite differently. Several momentous changes in recent history can help explain why questions of language and culture have regained such visibility. Without attempting an in-depth analysis of these changes and their respective impacts, we can identify three of them. The first is the geopolitical shift marked by the demise of the erstwhile Soviet Union. A rivalry between major powers that had, for most of the 20th century, operated as a structuring feature of the international geopolitical order has, though not exactly vanished, fundamentally changed. The dissolution of the Soviet Union at the turn of the 1990s has allowed the re-emergence and re-assertion of components of ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversity that had often been discounted as passé or irrelevant. This re-emergence bears witness to the remarkable resilience of the linguistic and cultural facets of human societies. The second of these changes is embodied in accelerated technical progress, particularly in ICT, including automatic translation, together with the possible practical uses of these technical advances. The effects on diversity of technical
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
16.70%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: Language Problems and Language Planning is published in cooperation with the Center for Research and Documentation on World Language Problems. This international multi-lingual journal publishes articles primarily on political, sociological, and economic aspects of language and language use. It is especially concerned with relationships between and among language communities, particularly in international contexts, and in the adaptation, manipulation, and standardization of language for international use.
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