钨和铁碳合金发射率的间接测量方法

IF 0.1 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
L. Zhukov, D. Petrenko
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本文的目的是提高精度和可靠性的光学测温,包括双色补偿测温与先验平均调整。得到了发射率光谱分布的非线性方程。该方程通过3个单色辐射温度将工作光谱范围中波发射率光谱分布的非线性系数与其中一个边界波的发射率值联系起来。在此基础上,提出了间接测量发射率的线性双量程法和抛物线法。利用发射率测定结果对双色补偿测温的先验平均平差进行了校正。线性方法排除了辐射率线性光谱分布的温度测量方法误差。对于钨和铁碳合金,用线性法调整双色补偿测温的方法误差不超过0.52%。同时,光谱比和能量热分析法的方法误差分别达到3.19和6.07-8.42%。假设非线性系数再增加2倍,线性方法的误差从0.52%增加到1.02%。这两个值在铁冶金中都是允许的。双量程方法是基于发射率光谱分布的非线性反演。逆表示非线性系数改变其符号。以钨为例,在正确选择光谱范围的情况下,采用双量程法进行校正调整的双色补偿测温误差不超过参考测量误差,仅为0.06%。对于本质上是非线性的发射率分布,提出了抛物线法。当工作波的发射率可以用二阶多项式来描述时,该方法排除了方法误差。这种多项式近似是黑色金属及其合金的典型近似。在发射率光谱分布同样非线性的情况下,以钨为例,抛物线法的误差比线性法小1.24倍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Methods for indirect measurements of the emissivity of tungsten and iron-carbon alloys
The purpose of the article is to increase accuracy and reliability of optical thermometry, including two-colour compensative thermometry with a priori averaged adjustment. The equation of nonlinearity of emissivity spectral distribution was previously obtained. The equation connects the nonlinearity coefficient of emissivity spectral distribution on the middle wave of the operating spectral range with the emissivity value at one of the boundary waves via 3 one-colour radiation temperatures. Based on the equation, linear two-range and parabolic methods for indirect measurements of emissivity is proposed. The results of emissivity determination are used to correct the a priori averaged adjustment of two-colour compensative thermometry. The linear method excludes the methodical error of temperature measurements for linear spectral distributions of emissivity. For tungsten and iron-carbon alloys, the methodical error of the two-colour compensative thermometry adjusted using the linear method does not exceed 0.52%. At the same time, the methodical errors of spectral ratio and energy pyrometry reach 3.19 and 6.07–8.42%. With a further hypothetical increase of nonlinearity coefficient by 2 times, the error of linear method increases from 0.52 to 1.02%. Both values are permissible in ferrous metallurgy. The two-range method is based on the inversion of nonlinearity of emissivity spectral distribution. The inversion means that nonlinearity coefficient changes its sign. In the case of tungsten, when spectral ranges are correctly chosen, the error of two-colour compensative thermometry with a corrected adjustment using the two-range method does not exceed the errors of reference measurements and makes up 0.06%. For essentially nonlinear distributions of emissivity, the parabolic method is proposed. The method excludes methodical error in case the emissivity on operating waves can be described by a polynomial of the 2-nd order. This polynomial approximation is typical for ferrous metals and their alloys. With the same nonlinearity of emissivity spectral distribution, for example, in case of tungsten, the error of parabolic method is 1.24 times less than of the linear method.
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来源期刊
Ukrainian Metrological Journal
Ukrainian Metrological Journal INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION-
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