艺术疗法,交叉性和刑事司法系统中妇女的服务

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Hanna Hewins
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要刑事司法系统中的女性是一个多元化但被边缘化的群体,生活在最危险的交叉压迫中。来自全球多数群体的妇女面临“双重劣势”(《议程》,2017年)。监狱被证明是对妇女最不有效的场所,但监狱场所有所增加,性别信息服务不足。这些阻碍创伤愈合的障碍造成了一场螺旋式上升的危机,导致了可预防的死亡和家庭的毁灭。作为一名白人女性艺术治疗师,我认为交叉框架对于理解和支持这一服务用户群体至关重要。我坚持黑人女权主义者和边缘化群体产生的既定观点,即关注最受排斥的人,从“底层”开始工作,是解决社会不公正的有效方法。与该服务用户群体在艺术治疗研究方面的差距,以及现有文献中认识论种族主义的证据,为该行业的发展和成长提供了机会。我讨论了使用与这个服务用户群体交织在一起的交叉框架的可能性,以及在艺术治疗中重新建立认知方式以确保反压迫实践的可能性。通过对我在培训的最后一年通过研究发展起来的现有文献的总结,我将展示对艺术治疗的抵制是如何在系统和个人层面发生的,并且这不能与新自由主义现状相分离。有人呼吁白人艺术治疗师采取行动,增加他们对白人至上主义同谋的好奇心,并找到发展替代认识论的方法。简明语言摘要刑事司法系统(CJS)为被关押在监狱或安全医院等机构的人提供护理,因为他们对自己或他人构成重大风险。它还包括那些现在生活在社区中,但在离开医院或监狱时仍需要持续支持的人。CJS中的大多数人都是男性,因此设施是围绕男性需求设计的。CJS中女性的需求一直被英国政府忽视,来自全球多数群体——黑人、亚裔、双重遗产、土著和“少数民族”社区的女性(Campbell Stephens MBE,2020)——面临着特殊的劣势。种族、阶级和性别压迫重叠,对妇女及其家庭造成重大伤害。多年来,艺术治疗一直在这些服务中提供;然而,没有太多的研究支持在这些环境中对女性进行治疗。作为一名艺术心理治疗实习生,我被安置在社区的一家招待所,为离开安全医院的女性服务,我想了解有什么文献可以支持这项工作。我搜索了网上数据库,只找到了24篇已发表的文章和书籍章节。很难将这些发现与我的社区工作联系起来,因为文献大多基于高度安全的环境。大多数作者都是担任职业角色的白人女性,因此没有代表其他人的观点。这意味着我发现的不是一个公平的描述,因此也不太可靠。然而,艺术心理治疗被证明提供了积极的好处,并对该客户群体的现有建议做出了回应。本文提出了在法医服务中为女性提供艺术治疗服务的必要性,并呼吁白人艺术治疗师采取行动,增加他们对自己参与白人至上主义的好奇心,并找到发展替代交叉、反压迫做法的方法。该论文还强调,需要来自不同背景的艺术心理治疗师与服务用户合作进行更多研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Art therapy, intersectionality and services for women in the criminal justice system
ABSTRACT Women in the criminal justice system are a diverse yet marginalised group, living with the most dangerous of intersectional oppressions. Women from the Global Majority face a "double disadvantage" (Agenda, 2017). Prison is evidenced as the least effective place for women, yet prison places have increased and gender-informed services are inadequate. These obstructions to healing from trauma have created a spiralling crisis, leading to preventable deaths and the destruction of families. As a white, female art therapist, I argue that an intersectional framework is critical to understanding and supporting this service-user group. I maintain the established perspective generated by Black feminists and marginalised groups, that focusing on the most ostracised and working from the ‘ground up’, is an effective way of tackling social injustice. A gap in research for art therapy with this service-user group and evidence of epistemological racism within the existing literature presents an opportunity for development and growth within the profession. I discuss the possibilities of using an intersectional framework as intertwined with this service-user group, and with re-establishing ways of knowing within art therapy to ensure anti-oppressive practices. Through a summary of the existing literature developed through research in my final year of training, I will demonstrate how resistance to art therapy occurs at systemic and individual levels and that this cannot be disentangled from the neoliberal status quo. A call to action is proposed for white art therapists to increase their curiosity about their complicity in white supremacy and find ways to develop alternative epistemologies. Plain-language summary The criminal justice system (CJS) provides care for people who are confined in institutions, such as prison or secure hospital, because they pose a significant risk to themselves or others. It also includes people who now live in the community but still need continued support when they leave hospital or prison. Most people in the CJS are men, and facilities have therefore been designed around male needs. The needs of women within the CJS have been persistently ignored by UK government, and women from the Global Majority – Black, Asian, Dual-Heritage, Indigenous and ‘Ethnic Minority’ communities (Campbell-Stephens MBE, 2020) – face particular disadvantages. Race, class and gender oppressions overlap and cause significant harm to the women and their families. Art therapy has been offered within these services for many years; however, there is not much research to support therapy with women in these settings. As an art psychotherapy trainee on placement at a hostel in the community for women leaving secure hospital, I wanted to find out what literature was available to support this work. I searched online databases and found only 24 published articles and book chapters. It was difficult to relate the findings to my community work as the literature was based mostly in high security settings. Most of the authors were white women in professional roles so other people’s perspectives were not represented. This meant that what I found was not a fair description and therefore, not very reliable. However, art psychotherapy was shown to offer positive benefits and respond to existing recommendations for this client group. This paper presents an argument for the need for art therapy services for women in forensic services and proposes a call to action for white art therapists to increase their curiosity about their complicity in white supremacy and find ways to develop alternative intersectional, anti-oppressive practices. The paper also highlights the need for more research from art psychotherapists from different backgrounds that is developed in collaboration with service-users.
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CiteScore
5.40
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