湿热温室条件下无土栽培番茄施钾量的研究

H. Erabadupitiya, W. Weerakkody, K. Nandasena
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引用次数: 1

摘要

无土栽培是温室农业中最常用的栽培方法,无土栽培中的灌溉施肥决定了番茄(Solanum lycopersicum L.)的定性和定量产量。对植物养分的需求因周围环境、生长介质和作物生长阶段而异。大多数温室作物的推荐肥料剂量都是根据温带地区的环境条件制定的。本研究试图确定半集约温室环境(白天温度31±2°C,相对湿度75%)下无土栽培番茄不同生长阶段的最佳钾肥施用量。在一项重复试验中,比较了温室番茄(K处理)在生长后期(0.05-0.4、0.1-0.55、0.2-0.6和0.25-0.65g/株/天)的K选择剂量。在每个生长阶段结束时,评估植物生长参数和叶组织营养素,以比较施钾率。根据生长参数、市场产量和植物养分含量,番茄营养生长期、繁殖早期、繁殖中期和繁殖后期的最佳钾肥施用量分别为0.1、0.2、0.3和0.35 g/株/day。这些施用率能够在各个生长阶段保持植物组织K浓度为2.5%、2.1%、2.5%和2.8%。本研究中确定的最佳K施用率将有助于为热带条件下无土栽培的温室番茄制定生长专用灌溉施肥建议,以使保护性栽培更具成本效益和环境友好性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Potassium Application Rates for Tomato Grown in Soilless Culture under Hot and Humid Greenhouse Conditions
Soilless culture is the most popular cultivation method in greenhouse farming and fertigation in soilless culture determine s the qualitative and quantitatively yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The demand for plant nutrients vary with the surrounding environment, growing medium, and plant growth stages of the crops. Most recommended fertilizer dosages for greenhouse crops have been developed to match with the environmental conditions in the temperate region. This study attempted to identify the optimum potassium (K) fertilizer application rates for different growth stages of tomato grown in soilless culture under semi intensive greenhouse environment (31±2°C daytime temperature and 75% relative humidity). Selected dosages of K for greenhouse tomato (K treatments) were compared at advancing growth stages (0.05-0.4, 0.1-0.55, 0.2-0.6 and 0.25-0.65 g/plant/day) in a replicated trial. At the end of each growth stage, plant growth parameters and leaf tissue nutrients were assessed to compare the K application rates. Based on growth parameters, marketable yield and plant nutrient contents, the optimum K fertilizer application rates for vegetative, early reproductive, middle reproductive and late reproductive growth stages of tomato were 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.35 g/plant/da y, respectively. These application rates were able to maintain the plant tissue K concentrations of 2.5, 2.1, 2.5 and 2.8% at respective growth stages. Optimum K application rates identified in this study would be useful for making growth specific fertigation recommendations for greenhouse tomato grown in soilless culture under tropical conditions in order to make protected culture is more cost effective and environmental friendly.
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