Camellia sinensis leaf extract-mediated green synthesis of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles supported on Clinoptilolite and their use in benzodiazepines synthesis

In this research, CuFe2O4 Nanocatalyst stabilized on Clinoptilolite(CP)was prepared using green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf extract. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction patterns (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to characterize CuFe2O4/CP. After fixation on CP, the crystal size of CuFe2O4 was determined to be 48.7 nm using an X-ray diffraction pattern and the Debye-Scherer equation. CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully placed on CP as evidenced by FESEM and TEM images. Using the BJH method, the average diameter of the catalyst pores was found to be 22.2 nm. Using the BET method, the catalyst surface area was estimated to be 43.7 m2g−1. The catalytic activity of CuFe2O4/CP in the production of benzodiazepine (the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with ketones) was examined. Experimental results showed that this catalyst performs well under mild reaction conditions. Using an external magnetic field, CuFe2O4 / CP was easily separated from the reaction product and can be reused without appreciably decreasing its catalytic activity.