Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Esophageal Squamous Cell High-grade Dysplasia in a Patient with Plummer Vinson Syndrome

Abstract A 35-year female with Plummer Vinson syndrome (PVS) presented with a history of progressive dysphagia over six months, not responding to iron therapy and endoscopic dilatations. Her upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a post-cricoid web dilated using a Savary-Gilliard dilator. On NBI, a long segment circumferential lesion with abnormal microvascular architecture was noted in the mid esophagus. Biopsy showed high-grade dysplastic squamous epithelium. The patient underwent minimally invasive, circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and received oral prednisolone to prevent stricture formation. Resected margins were free of dysplasia. At follow-up there was no evidence of recurrence or stricture formation. To our knowledge, this is the first case of PVS with squamous proliferation with high-grade dysplasia that was successfully treated with circumferential ESD. Screening endoscopy helps in the downstaging of early cancer, and timely intervention helps to treat this with a minimally invasive approach like ESD.