IFRS Mandatory Adoption and Earnings Quality in an Emerging Market: The Case of Ecuador

This paper examines changes in earnings quality, including accruals, earnings smoothing, and asymmetric loss recognition schedules, following the mandatory adoption of IFRS in Ecuador. Using 5,436 year-firm observations, we employ a differences-in-differences approach, comparing the effect of IFRS on an initial group of adopters (publicly traded companies) with non-adopters (small and medium-sized enterprises) with essentially the same financial reporting requirements. Our findings indicate a decrease in accrual levels and more timely recognition of losses, with no evidence of changes in earnings smoothing. These results suggest that companies use the increased flexibility of IFRS to meet debt holders' demand for timely loss recognition. The decrease in accruals suggests earnings management for tax purposes. This study contributes to the literature on IFRS and earnings quality by using a more robust research design and providing evidence on the consequences of IFRS adoption in an emerging market dominated by debt capital and family-owned firms.