美国区域规划协会100周年:新探索

IF 0.8 3区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE
S. Ramos
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Mumford enjoyed the scolding, and the association would then try to incorporate square dancing into its future meetings as a way to connect with U.S. folk culture. Mumford was drawn to imagined folk rurality at the outer edge of the metropolis, where the group hoped to find refuge from the teeming immigrant New York of the 1920s. It was an act of ventriloquy, in the spirit of the regionalist local colour literature of the period, where ‘a modern urban outsider... projects onto the native a pristine, authentic space immune to historical changes shaping their own lives;’ the projected indigenous connection to region itself a product for those metropolitan planners and administrators who would receive the new planning perspective. In her book on new towns of the period, Rosemary Wakeman describes this as ‘practicing utopia’, which also applies to the work of the RPAA. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

2023年标志着美国区域规划协会(RPAA)首次会议100周年,会议于1923年4月18日在纽约西45街56-58号曼哈顿古皮尔大厦1913号建筑师罗伯特·d·科恩的办公室举行。在当时的《美国建筑师学会杂志》编辑查尔斯·h·惠特克的敦促下,这个非正式的组织聚集在一起,通过地域分权和平衡来促进社会价值。他们选择从协会名称中删除“住房”和“花园城市”的附加项目,以强调Benton MacKaye自1921年以来一直在开发的阿巴拉契亚小径提案的领土范围和雄心。在接下来的十年里,RPAA项目包括一系列规模,从地理项目,如MacKaye的阿巴拉契亚小径,到新泽西州Radburn和纽约皇后区Sunnyside花园的住宅设计。在1933年解散后,一些成员继续从事新政项目和立法工作,例如田纳西河谷管理局(今年庆祝其成立90周年)和凯瑟琳·鲍尔(Catherine Bauer)撰写的1937年住房法案。本期《规划展望》特刊提供了一个机会,让我们思考和讨论100年后RPAA的遗产。4月18日的会议并非所有成员都出席,所以刘易斯·芒福德(Lewis Mumford)在次月(5月19日)于新泽西州哈德逊公会农场举行的会议上,标志着该协会的成立。芒福德回忆说,那天有一群民间广场舞者在农场,并告诫RPAA城市的新来者,不要在不了解规则和礼仪的情况下参加舞蹈。芒福德很享受这种责骂,该协会随后试图将广场舞纳入其未来的会议,作为与美国民间文化联系的一种方式。芒福德被想象中的大都市外围的民间乡村所吸引,这群人希望在那里找到避难所,以躲避20世纪20年代涌入的纽约移民。这是一种腹语表演,体现了那个时期地方主义色彩文学的精神,“一个现代城市局外人……项目对当地人来说是一个原始的、真实的空间,不受历史变化的影响,塑造了他们自己的生活;“对于那些接受新规划视角的大都市规划者和管理者来说,项目与地区本身的联系是一个产品。”罗斯玛丽·韦克曼在她关于这一时期新城镇的书中将其描述为“实践乌托邦”,这也适用于RPAA的工作。美国规划地方主义者和文学地方主义者之间的密切关系肯定证明了他们共同的未来主义想象兴趣,充满了19世纪的民间怀旧。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Regional Planning Association of America at 100: a new exploration
2023 marks the 100-year anniversary of the first meeting of the Regional Planning Association of America (RPAA) on 18 April 1923 in architect Robert D. Kohn’s office in the Manhattan 1913 Goupil Building on 56–58 West 45th Street in New York City. At the urging of Charles H. Whitaker, then editor of the Journal of the American Institute of Architects, the informal group came together to promote social values with territorial decentralization and balance. They chose to drop the additional items of ‘housing’ and ‘garden cities’ from the association title to emphasize the territorial scope and ambition of Benton MacKaye’s Appalachian Trail proposal, which he had been developing since 1921. Over the next ten years, RPAA projects included a range of scales, from geographic projects such as MacKaye’s Appalachian Trail, to the residential designs for Radburn, New Jersey and Sunnyside Gardens in Queens, New York. After its demise in 1933, some members went on to work on New Deal projects and legislation, such as the Tennessee Valley Authority (which celebrates its ninetieth anniversary this year) and Catherine Bauer’s authorship of the Housing Act of 1937. This special issue of Planning Perspectives is an opportunity to consider and discuss the RPAA legacy 100 years later. Not all RPAAmembers were present at the April 18 meeting, so Lewis Mumford instead marked the association’s origins at a meeting the following month –May 19 – at the Hudson Guild Farm in New Jersey. Mumford recalled that a group of folk square dancers were at the farm that day and admonished the RPAA city newcomers for trying to participate in the dance without knowing its rules and manners. Mumford enjoyed the scolding, and the association would then try to incorporate square dancing into its future meetings as a way to connect with U.S. folk culture. Mumford was drawn to imagined folk rurality at the outer edge of the metropolis, where the group hoped to find refuge from the teeming immigrant New York of the 1920s. It was an act of ventriloquy, in the spirit of the regionalist local colour literature of the period, where ‘a modern urban outsider... projects onto the native a pristine, authentic space immune to historical changes shaping their own lives;’ the projected indigenous connection to region itself a product for those metropolitan planners and administrators who would receive the new planning perspective. In her book on new towns of the period, Rosemary Wakeman describes this as ‘practicing utopia’, which also applies to the work of the RPAA. The affinities between the U.S. planning regionalists and the literary regionalists are surely testament to their shared futurist imaginary interests imbued with a nineteenth century folk nostalgia.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
12.50%
发文量
85
期刊介绍: Planning Perspectives is a peer-reviewed international journal of history, planning and the environment, publishing historical and prospective articles on many aspects of plan making and implementation. Subjects covered link the interest of those working in economic, social and political history, historical geography and historical sociology with those in the applied fields of public health, housing construction, architecture and town planning. The Journal has a substantial book review section, covering UK, North American and European literature.
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