海上风电场社会经济影响的定性荟萃分析

Mariel Alem, T. Herberz, Vishnu Sankar Karanayil, Ahmed Ashfaque Hamid Fardin
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引用次数: 2

摘要

气候变化和人们对可再生能源的兴趣增加,导致了风能行业的蓬勃发展。然而,最近,由于担心风电场对当地社区的长期影响,风电场在获得许可证方面遇到了阻力。为了理解这些外部性的程度,本研究对利益的四个社会经济影响进行了定性荟萃分析,即:房价、旅游业、供应链集群的催化效应和社会变革。从地理位置来看,分析的报告包括欧洲、加拿大和美国,并对欧盟进行了扣除。为了弥补风电行业初级数据不可用的差距,从其他可比行业得出了相关结论。基于对初步定性研究的严格审查,本研究得出结论,海上风电场应位于距离海岸40公里以上的地方,以消除房价贬值和旅游活动减少的风险,这将直接影响该地区的经济价值。此外,该研究发现,承认海上风电场对当地经济的就业效益和社区社会变化的证据有限。应建立监测机制,以证明或反驳当地创造就业、犯罪和药物滥用的情况。此外,研究发现,充分的规划和管理可以确保社区取得更好的社会经济成果。建议进一步研究架空输电线路和变电站对财产价值和旅游业的具体影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Qualitative meta-analysis of the socioeconomic impacts of offshore wind farms
Climate change and an increased interest in renewable energy have resulted in a burgeoning wind energy sector. However, in the recent past, wind farms have faced resistance in acquiring permits due to concerns about their long-term effects on the local community. To understand the extent of these externalities, this study qualitatively meta-analyses four socio-economic impacts of interest, namely: house prices, tourism, catalytic effects of supply chain clustering, and social change. Geographically, the analysed reports include Europe, Canada and the US, and deductions are made for the EU. In order to bridge the gap of unavailability of primary data on the wind sector, relevant conclusions are drawn from other comparable sectors. Based on a rigorous review of primary qualitative research, this study concludes that offshore wind farms should be located more than 40 km away from the coast to eliminate risks of housing price devaluation and tourist activity reduction, which would directly affect the economic value of the region. In addition, the study found limited evidence to acknowledge the employment benefits in the local economy and social change in the community due to offshore wind farms. Monitoring mechanisms should be set up to prove or disprove the creation of local employment, crime and substance abuse. Furthermore, the study finds that adequate planning and management can ensure better socioeconomic outcomes in the community. Further research is recommended for the specific impact of overhead transmission lines and substations on property values and tourism.
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