黑洞错觉的计算解释研究

IF 1 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED
Victoria Jakicic, Logan Boyer, G. Francis
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要目的研究Perrone算法在黑洞错觉中的作用。在分析了算法并确定了其中的两个预测之后,我们用两个在线实验对它们进行了实证测试。背景1983年,Perrone证明,在白天条件下,可以使用与跑道和周围环境相对应的视网膜距离的比率来计算下降角。在只有可见跑道的夜间条件下使用该算法,飞行员会高估下降角,从而导致BHI。方法数学分析表明,该算法预测的BHI较大;如果没有缓解因素的话,可能太大了。正如Perrone所指出的,BHI错觉的大小应该受到跑道宽度的影响;我们还发现,一些条件预测了反向BHI(飞行员应该低估他们的下降角)。在我们的实验中,参与者在稳定进场的五秒钟内观察到了跑道的驾驶舱视图。在随后的一张静止图像中,参与者指出,如果飞机继续飞行,他们相信飞机会降落在哪里。我们测量了不同跑道宽度和不同背景情况下着陆位置的准确性。结果实验在任何条件下均未显示BHI;因此实验没有验证模型的预测。结论根据我们的分析,Perrone的算法不能充分解释黑洞错觉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Investigating a Computational Explanation of the Black Hole Illusion
ABSTRACT Objective We investigated the role of Perrone’s algorithm in the Black Hole Illusion (BHI). After analyzing the algorithm and identifying two of its predictions, we empirically tested them with two on-line experiments. Background In 1983, Perrone proved that in daylight conditions it is possible to compute the descent angle using a ratio of retinal distances corresponding to the runway and surrounding context. Using the algorithm in nighttime conditions, with just the visible runway, pilots would overestimate the descent angle, leading to the BHI. Method Mathematical analysis indicates the algorithm predicts a large BHI; perhaps too large if there are no mitigating factors. As Perrone noted, the BHI illusion magnitude should be affected by runway width; we also found that some conditions predict a reverse BHI (pilots should underestimate their descent angle). In our experiments, participants observed a cockpit view of a runway during five seconds of steady approach. In a subsequent still image, participants indicated where they believed the plane would land if it continued its flight path. We measured the accuracy of the landing positions for various runway widths and various background contexts. Results The experiments did not show a BHI for any conditions; so the experiments do not validate the model predictions. Conclusion Based on our analyses, Perrone’s algorithm does not provide an adequate explanation of the Black Hole Illusion.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
7.70%
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