Pishing does increase visibility of arboreal passerines in an African savanna

Pishing is an imitated alarm call frequently used by birders and ornithologists to attract birds and provide close-up views. However, despite the widespread use of pishing in the field, data on the success of this technique are still scarce. Here we tested the effectiveness of pishing as an attracter of birds in a subtropical savanna in South Africa, using a randomised controlled trial design. Over a period of 12 months, repeated silent observation and pishing treatments were randomly applied across 30 preselected savanna sites to test the response to pishing of both the bird community and individual species. Overall, significantly more individual birds were recorded during the pishing treatment than during the silent observation control treatment. Furthermore, the observation rates of eleven species, from seven passerine families, were significantly higher during pishing treatments. Robins in the Muscicapidae were especially responsive. Pishing does increase visibility of arboreal passerines in African subtropical savanna. This finding confirms that the technique is an effective tool for increasing bird observations in the field and informs current discussions on the ethics of pishing in the South African birding community.