脊椎动物甲状腺激素受体进化的新见解

G. Holzer, V. Laudet
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引用次数: 3

摘要

七鳃鳗Petromyzon marinus属于agnathanans,这是最古老的脊椎动物谱系,大约5亿年前,有颌脊椎动物从它分化出来。因此,它在理解脊椎动物的进化中占有关键的系统发育地位。和有颌脊椎动物一样,七鳃鳗也有两种甲状腺激素受体。这些受体,被称为TR1和TR2,表现为真正的TRs,但被认为是独立的重复,当与颌骨脊椎动物的同源物,TRα和TRβ相比。在这里,我们发现七鳃鳗基因组包含两个额外的TR序列。它们被分配到真正的甲状腺激素受体是由序列比对和系统发育重建支持的。这使我们重新审视甲状腺激素受体的系统发育,并在脊椎动物的基础上发现其进化速度的加速。因此,我们的分析表明,在早期脊椎动物进化过程中,当甲状腺激素的现代合成建立时,主要的进化转变发生在受体水平上。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
New Insights into Vertebrate Thyroid Hormone Receptor Evolution
The lamprey Petromyzon marinus belongs to the agnathans, the oldest vertebrate lineage from which jawed vertebrates diverged about 500 million years ago. Therefore, it holds a key phylogenetic position to understand the evolution of vertebrates. As in jawed vertebrates, two thyroid hormone receptors have been described in lamprey. These receptors, referred to as TR1 and TR2, behave as genuine TRs but are considered as an independent duplications when compared to the orthologs characterized in jawed vertebrates, TRα and TRβ. Here, we show that the lamprey genome contains two additional TR sequences. Their assignment to bona fide thyroid hormone receptors is supported by sequence alignments and phylogenetic reconstructions. This led us to revisit the phylogeny of thyroid hormone receptors and to detect an acceleration of their evolutionary rates at the basis of vertebrates. Our analysis therefore suggests that major evolutionary shifts occurred at the receptor level just when the modern synthesis of thyroid hormone was established during early vertebrate evolution.
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