Fabella Syndrome of the Knee

Purpose: The purpose of this analysis is to review the strategies to diagnose fabella syndrome of the knee and examine the most effective management options. Methods: A literature review and primary source search was completed through PubMed and EBSCO ultimate academic database. Several articles were reviewed, and articles with the most relevant data were selected and analyzed. Results: Less than 50% of the population have a fabella, and most patients who present with fabella syndrome are between ages 15 to 17 years. Fabella syndrome is diagnosed by posterolateral pain in the gastrocnemius especially with extension or added pressure on the bone. The possible treatment plans for the condition are steroid injections, physical therapy, shockwave therapy, or a fabellectomy. Conclusion: Fabella syndrome is difficult to diagnose because it has a low incidence rate and the symptoms to diagnose it are broad. One of the best ways to identify the condition is to rule out other diagnoses in addition to meeting the symptom criteria. The best long-term treatment for fabella syndrome is to perform surgery to remove the fabella bone, which presents low risk and a high rate of positive outcomes.