书评:亚当·斯密的《美国:一个苏格兰哲学家如何成为美国资本主义的象征》

B. Bateman
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While it is true that dynamic pricing, a form of surge pricing, explains why ticket prices differ, dynamic pricing is not a form of price discrimination. The prices differ because demand differs at different times which is not price discrimination. I admit I am a stickler on this point, but if the object of the book is to teach microeconomics, then using precise language correctly is essential. And, on occasion, Dr. Oyer is not as precise with his terminology as he could be. On the other hand, if the object of the book is to entertain and, in so doing, introduce the idea of economic reasoning, then Dr. Oyer’s writing meets this goal. One final concern I have is with the chapter, “Why do athletes cheat and lie?”Dr. Oyer suggests as a policy prescription that we allow athletes to use performance enhancing drugs without sanctions. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

体育经济学课程。事实上,我推荐这本书作为体育经济学本科课程的教材。我还向没有经济学背景的普通读者推荐这本书,以帮助他们熟悉广泛的微观经济学概念。我对这一建议的一个警告是,他使用了一些对其他经济学家有确切含义的经济术语,这些术语没有得到完全解释,或者使用了更笼统的意义,可能会误导不知情的读者。其中一个例子是,他解释了票价不同的原因,并使用了价格歧视一词。在正式的微观经济学中,这个术语有一个非常具体的定义:在没有成本差异的情况下,以不同的价格销售同一产品。然后,他解释了动态定价是一种价格歧视。虽然动态定价,一种激增定价的形式,确实解释了票价不同的原因,但动态定价并不是价格歧视的一种形式。价格不同是因为不同时期的需求不同,这不是价格歧视。我承认我在这一点上很固执,但如果这本书的目的是教授微观经济学,那么正确使用精确的语言是至关重要的。有时,Oyer博士的术语并不像他所能做到的那样精确。另一方面,如果这本书的目的是娱乐,并在这样做的过程中引入经济推理的概念,那么Oyer博士就达到了这个目标。我最后关心的是“为什么运动员会作弊和撒谎?”。Oyer建议,作为一项政策处方,我们允许运动员在不受制裁的情况下使用提高成绩的药物。作者建议,鉴于监控作弊者的困难,以及囚犯困境的性质决定了策略平衡,务实的解决方案是使运动员服用兴奋剂合法化。尽管我理解他提出政策建议的理由,但我认为他忽略了这项政策造成的外部成本。运动员是年轻人的榜样,也是耐克和Under Armor等产品的名人代言人。如果提高成绩的药物对运动员来说是合法的,年轻人可能会开始使用这些药物来模仿他们的榜样。这种负外部性需要在政策处方中加以解决。然而,这只是对一本总体精彩的书的一个小小的批评。简而言之,Paul Oyer的《经济学人走向游戏》一书由九篇文章组成,对体育经济学主题进行了令人愉快和有用的概述。这是一本我推荐给大学体育经济学课程的书,推荐给对体育和经济学感兴趣的朋友,也是一本可以放在自己书架上的书。“在每一项必须完成的工作中,都有乐趣。你会发现乐趣,而且——SNAP——这项工作就是一场游戏!”——玛丽·波平斯。在这本书中,Paul Oyer从困难的经济概念中找到了乐趣。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Book Review: Adam Smith’s America: How a Scottish Philosopher Became an Icon of American Capitalism
sports economics classes. In fact, I would recommend this book as a textbook for an undergraduate course in sports economics. I would also recommend this work for general readers without a background in economics to help them become familiar with a broad range of microeconomic concepts. My one caveat on this recommendation is that he uses some economic terminology that have precise meanings to other economists that are not explained completely or are used in a more general sense that might mislead an uninformed reader. One instance of this is when he explains why ticket prices differ and he uses the term price discrimination. In formal microeconomics, this term has a very specific definition: selling the same product at different prices when there is no difference in cost. He then explains how dynamic pricing is a form of price discrimination. While it is true that dynamic pricing, a form of surge pricing, explains why ticket prices differ, dynamic pricing is not a form of price discrimination. The prices differ because demand differs at different times which is not price discrimination. I admit I am a stickler on this point, but if the object of the book is to teach microeconomics, then using precise language correctly is essential. And, on occasion, Dr. Oyer is not as precise with his terminology as he could be. On the other hand, if the object of the book is to entertain and, in so doing, introduce the idea of economic reasoning, then Dr. Oyer’s writing meets this goal. One final concern I have is with the chapter, “Why do athletes cheat and lie?”Dr. Oyer suggests as a policy prescription that we allow athletes to use performance enhancing drugs without sanctions. The author suggests that given the difficulty in monitoring cheaters, and the nature of the prisoner’s dilemma dominate strategy equilibrium, the pragmatic solution is to make performance enhancing drugs legal for athletes. Although I understand his reasoning for the policy suggestion, I believe he neglects the external costs this policy creates. Athletes are role models for young people and celebrity endorsers for products such as Nike and Under Armor. If performance enhancing drugs become legal for athletes, young people may start to utilize these drugs to emulate their role models. This negative externality needs to be addressed in the policy prescription. This, however, is only a minor criticism of an overall wonderful book. To recap, Paul Oyer’s book “An Economist Goes to the Game” is a series of nine essays that provide a delightful and useful overview of sports economics topics. This is a book I would recommend for an undergraduate sports economics course, recommend to friends with an interest in sports and economics, and also a book to keep on your own bookshelf. “In every job that must be done, there is an element of fun. You find the fun, and – SNAP – the job’s a game!”—Mary Poppins. In this book, Paul Oyer has found the fun in difficult economic concepts.
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