{"title":"脆弱喀斯特环境中的微塑料污染:来自斯洛文尼亚古典喀斯特地区的案例研究","authors":"L. Valentić, P. Kozel, T. Pipan","doi":"10.3986/ac.v51i1.10597","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Since the start of mass production of plastic materials more than a century ago, the problem of accumulating plastic waste in the environment has reached epic proportions. Recently, the problem of smaller plastic particles (microplastic, MP) in the environment has become a widely studied topic, but the amount and types of MP in karst environments are still poorly known. Thus, the objective of this study was to collect and analyse samples from various karst habitats and to try and determine the scope of pollution in karst springs that are in part used as sources for drinking water. Of the potential pollution sources, we sampled rainwater, two discharges from wastewater treatment plants, and a leachate from a landfill. We conducted polymer analyses of potential MP particles using FTIR-ATR. The results showed that eight samples from the Postojna region (Postojna–Planina Cave System, rainfall sample and surface streams) contain up to 444 MP particles per m3. However, 32 samples taken from the Škocjan–Kačna–Jama 1 v Kanjaducah Cave System contain up to 60,000 MP particles per m3, with the bulk of particles found in the sediment samples from Škocjan Caves – Kačna Cave System. Samples from Postojna region contained mostly PET, PU and PA polymers, with a minor inclusion of polymers of plastic sponge used for cleaning. Samples from Škocjan region contained mostly PP, PET and PE polymers, with some of PA and PU polymers. Sediment samples contained much less MP particles compared to water samples, which indicates fast transport through karst aquifer.","PeriodicalId":50905,"journal":{"name":"Acta Carsologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"5","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Microplastic pollution in vulnerable karst environments: case study from the Slovenian classical karst region\",\"authors\":\"L. Valentić, P. Kozel, T. Pipan\",\"doi\":\"10.3986/ac.v51i1.10597\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Since the start of mass production of plastic materials more than a century ago, the problem of accumulating plastic waste in the environment has reached epic proportions. Recently, the problem of smaller plastic particles (microplastic, MP) in the environment has become a widely studied topic, but the amount and types of MP in karst environments are still poorly known. Thus, the objective of this study was to collect and analyse samples from various karst habitats and to try and determine the scope of pollution in karst springs that are in part used as sources for drinking water. Of the potential pollution sources, we sampled rainwater, two discharges from wastewater treatment plants, and a leachate from a landfill. We conducted polymer analyses of potential MP particles using FTIR-ATR. The results showed that eight samples from the Postojna region (Postojna–Planina Cave System, rainfall sample and surface streams) contain up to 444 MP particles per m3. However, 32 samples taken from the Škocjan–Kačna–Jama 1 v Kanjaducah Cave System contain up to 60,000 MP particles per m3, with the bulk of particles found in the sediment samples from Škocjan Caves – Kačna Cave System. Samples from Postojna region contained mostly PET, PU and PA polymers, with a minor inclusion of polymers of plastic sponge used for cleaning. Samples from Škocjan region contained mostly PP, PET and PE polymers, with some of PA and PU polymers. Sediment samples contained much less MP particles compared to water samples, which indicates fast transport through karst aquifer.\",\"PeriodicalId\":50905,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Acta Carsologica\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"5\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Acta Carsologica\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3986/ac.v51i1.10597\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta Carsologica","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3986/ac.v51i1.10597","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
摘要
自从一个多世纪前开始大规模生产塑料材料以来,环境中积累塑料垃圾的问题已经达到了史诗般的程度。近年来,环境中较小的塑料颗粒(微塑料,MP)问题已成为一个广泛研究的话题,但对岩溶环境中MP的数量和类型仍知之甚少。因此,本研究的目的是收集和分析来自各种岩溶栖息地的样本,并试图确定部分用作饮用水源的岩溶泉水的污染范围。在潜在的污染源中,我们对雨水、两个废水处理厂的排放物和一个垃圾填埋场的渗滤液进行了采样。我们使用FTIR-ATR对潜在MP颗粒进行了聚合物分析。结果显示,来自Postojna地区的八个样本(Postojna-Planina洞穴系统、降雨样本和地表溪流)每立方米含有高达444 MP的颗粒。然而,从Škocjan–Kačna–Jama 1 v Kanjaducah洞穴系统采集的32个样本中,每立方米含有高达60000个MP颗粒,大部分颗粒在Škoc jan洞穴–Kaćna洞穴系统的沉积物样本中发现。Postojna地区的样本主要含有PET、PU和PA聚合物,少量包含用于清洁的塑料海绵聚合物。Škocjan地区的样品主要含有PP、PET和PE聚合物,还有一些PA和PU聚合物。与水样相比,沉积物样品含有的MP颗粒要少得多,这表明通过岩溶含水层的传输速度很快。
Microplastic pollution in vulnerable karst environments: case study from the Slovenian classical karst region
Since the start of mass production of plastic materials more than a century ago, the problem of accumulating plastic waste in the environment has reached epic proportions. Recently, the problem of smaller plastic particles (microplastic, MP) in the environment has become a widely studied topic, but the amount and types of MP in karst environments are still poorly known. Thus, the objective of this study was to collect and analyse samples from various karst habitats and to try and determine the scope of pollution in karst springs that are in part used as sources for drinking water. Of the potential pollution sources, we sampled rainwater, two discharges from wastewater treatment plants, and a leachate from a landfill. We conducted polymer analyses of potential MP particles using FTIR-ATR. The results showed that eight samples from the Postojna region (Postojna–Planina Cave System, rainfall sample and surface streams) contain up to 444 MP particles per m3. However, 32 samples taken from the Škocjan–Kačna–Jama 1 v Kanjaducah Cave System contain up to 60,000 MP particles per m3, with the bulk of particles found in the sediment samples from Škocjan Caves – Kačna Cave System. Samples from Postojna region contained mostly PET, PU and PA polymers, with a minor inclusion of polymers of plastic sponge used for cleaning. Samples from Škocjan region contained mostly PP, PET and PE polymers, with some of PA and PU polymers. Sediment samples contained much less MP particles compared to water samples, which indicates fast transport through karst aquifer.
期刊介绍:
Karst areas occupy 10-20 % of ice-free land. Dissolution of rock by natural waters has given rise to specific landscape and underground. Karst surface features and caves have attracted man''s curiosity since the dawn of humanity and have been a focus to scientific studies since more than half of millennia.
Acta Carsologica publishes original research papers and reviews, letters, essays and reports covering topics related to specific of karst areas. These comprise, but are not limited to karst geology, hydrology, and geomorphology, speleology, hydrogeology, biospeleology and history of karst science.