Lipid profile in patients with leiomyoma-A case-control study

Introduction and Aim:  The most frequent gynaecological neoplasm in women of reproductive age is leiomyoma (Fibroid). They are hormone-dependent tumours, and estrogen will promote their development. It has been found that estrogen levels and cholesterol levels are inversely associated.  Few studies have shown no relation between lipid profile and leiomyoma, but few studies suggested a positive correlation. The lipid profile of patients with uterine fibroids (the case group) and women without fibroids (the control group) is compared in the current study.   Materials and Methods: The case-control study included fifty subjects between 20 to 40 years. Twenty-five serum samples collected from women without evidence of leiomyoma were considered the control group. Twenty-five cases were admitted with various symptoms, diagnosed and confirmed as leiomyoma on histopathology.   Results: There was a substantial difference in Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels between patients with leiomyoma and healthy people.  With a p-value of 0.04, the TC, LDL-C level in leiomyoma patients was substantially lower than that of healthy individuals in the general population. The levels of triglycerides, High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were comparable across the case and control groups, though.   Conclusion: According to the study's findings, patients with leiomyoma have lower serum TC and LDL-C levels than healthy controls. This could be linked to patients with leiomyomas having higher estrogen levels. As a result, lipid profile variables like TC and LDL-C may be accurate indicators of leiomyoma. These findings point to the possibility of blood plasma lipid profiling for the non-invasive diagnosis of fibroids.