真是个好孩子!破译侦查犬的效率

Clément Martin, Noémie Willem, Sorenza Desablens, Vincent Menard, Sophia Tajri, S. Blanchard, Y. Brostaux, F. Verheggen, C. Diederich
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引用次数: 1

摘要

狗有强大的嗅觉系统,在警察和军队的许多领域被用来探测毒品、人体遗骸和爆炸物等物品。尽管有这些强大的检测能力,但评估狗的表现(MAP)的方法仍然很少,而且从未得到验证。特别是关于训练后绩效评估的科学知识很少。为了验证定量MAP,必须首先定义有效的检测犬(DD)。在这里,我们的目标是定义什么是有效的DD,并开发一个定量的MAP。具体而言,我们进行了1)向专业DD从业者(n = 50)发送的国际调查,以及2)对尸体和药物DD (n = 20)进行了实验分析。根据调查,高效的dd被定义为自信的动物,很少犯错,尽可能靠近目标气味的存在,能够有效地战略性地筛选搜索区域,独立且不易分心。所开发的定量MAP是基于循环行为舞台上的视频跟踪DD,记录DD的错误率,包括准确性和策略水平。先前的研究已经表明,dd通常是有信心的。在MAP开发过程中没有对指导进行评估;但是,处理程序无法在搜索会话期间引导dd。基于这种方法,未来的研究应该在整个训练过程中评估DD的表现。这样的监测将允许确定阈值,允许识别有效的DD,以及某些因素对性能的影响(例如,狗的品种,性别和DD调节期间使用的训练辅助)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
What a good boy! Deciphering the efficiency of detection dogs
Dogs have a powerful olfactory system, which is used in many areas of the police and military to detect drugs, human remains, and explosives, among other items. Despite these powerful detection abilities, methods assessing the performance (MAP) of dogs remain scarce, and have never been validated. In particular, scientific knowledge on post-training performance assessments is scarce. To validate a quantitative MAP, an efficient detection dog (DD) must first be defined. Here, we aimed to define what an efficient DD is, and to develop a quantitative MAP. Specifically, we conducted 1) an international survey sent to professional DD practitioners (n = 50), and 2) an experimental assay on cadaver and drug DDs (n = 20). Based on the survey, efficient DDs were defined as confident animals, making few mistakes, alerting to the presence of target odors as close as possible, able to strategically screen the search area effectively, independent and not easily distracted. The developed quantitative MAP was based on video tracking DDs in a circular behavioral arena, in which the error rate of DD was recorded, including accuracy and the strategy level. Previous studies have already demonstrated that DDs are usually confidant. Guidance was not assessed during MAP development; however, handlers could not guide DDs during the search session. Based on this method, future studies should evaluate DD performance throughout the entire training process. Such monitoring would allow thresholds to be determined, allowing efficient DDs to be identified, along with the effect of certain factors on performance (e.g., dogs breed, gender, and training aids used during DD conditioning).
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