Characterization of Virulence and Diversity of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici on Wheat in Egypt

Survey of wheat stem rust pathotypes and their identification using monogenic lines is significant in characterising virulence type variation, the geographical distribution of races. Variance in the population of the pathotypes is detected yearly utilising wheat stem samples collected from cultivated areas in Egypt. In our study, a sum of 104 and 40 wheat samples of stem rust were collected during growing seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017, respectively, from six locations, Beheira, Kafr-Elsheikh, Sharqiya, Minufiya, Bani Sweif, and Sohag. A sum of 70 and 53 races was isolated from samples collected in the previous years and identified in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, respectively. The more frequent races involved TKTTC (18.25%) in 2015/2016 as well as PKSTC (6.25 %) in 2016/2017. For 2015/16, 26 pathotypes identified in Kafr-Elsheikh, which considered the most abundant population size (34.28 %), while for 2016/17, the Sharqiya governorate rated to be the most significant pathogen population size more than another population studied (49.05 %). Lines with Sr24, Sr38, and Sr31 genes were showed the highest gene efficacy against race groups, while the other genes displayed another reaction with the examined race groups