中国器官移植的伦理困境与原则

IF 0.5 4区 哲学 Q4 ETHICS
Zhen Zhang, Zheng Zang
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在医学临床实践中,器官移植主要应用于终末期器官病变和器官衰竭患者。然而,随着器官移植的发展,出现了许多伦理问题和争议。文章从生命伦理学的角度,比较了各国器官移植的相关伦理和法律规定。由于现实情况的复杂性,中国器官移植出现了许多伦理困境。文章对器官捐献、分配、交易三个方面进行了分析研究,发现中国器官移植在这三个方面存在着假定同意原则是否伦理、脑死亡是否合法化、移植患者的选择与确定、人体器官交易是否合法化等各种伦理问题。本文从生命伦理学的四项原则出发,结合中国器官移植的发展现状,提出中国器官移植应遵循尊重生命原则、无害原则、尊重自主原则和公正原则四项伦理原则,为器官移植的合法性提供辩护。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ethical Dilemmas and Principles in Organ Transplantation in China
: In medical clinical practice, organ transplantation is mainly applied to patients with end-stage organ lesions and organ failure. However, with the development of organ transplantation, many ethical issues and controversies have arisen. From the perspective of bioethics, the article compares the relevant ethical and legal regulations of organ transplantation in various countries. Due to the complexity of the real situation, many ethical dilemmas arise in organ transplantation in China. The article analyzes and researches three aspects of organ donation, distribution, and trading, and finds that there are various ethical problems in these three aspects of organ transplantation in China, such as whether the principle of presumed consent is ethical, whether brain death is legalized, the selection and determination of transplant patients, and whether human organ trading is legalized, etc. With the help of the four principles of bioethics and the current development of organ transplantation in China, the article proposes that organ transplantation in China should follow four ethical principles: the principle of respect for life, the principle of do no harm/benefit, the principle of respect for autonomy, and the principle of justice, in order to provide a defense for the legitimacy of organ transplantation.
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来源期刊
Acta Bioethica
Acta Bioethica Bioethical Issues-
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
22
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Acta Bioethica is a biannual publication by the Interdisciplinary Center for Studies in Bioethics of the University of Chile (ISSN 0717-5906, press edition, y 1726-569-X, electronic edition), which publishes in three languages: Spanish, English and Portuguese. Indexed in Science Citation Index (SCI), Scopus, Lilacs, SciELO y Latindex, and in database from several Institutions; it constitutes a pluralistic source of perspectives and an important tribune which accepts the contributions of authors compromised with the interdisciplinary study of ethical determinants and consequences of techno scientific research.
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