Screening of Some Novel 4, 5 Disubstituted 1, 2, 4-Triazole-3-thiones for Anticonvulsant Activity.

OBJECTIVE In the present study, we synthesized fifteen 4, 5-disubstituted 1, 2, 4-triazol-3-thione derivatives and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity with neurotoxicity determination. METHOD The synthesized compounds were characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR and MS. The molecular docking study was also performed to study the interactions of compounds with LYS329 residue of gamma amino butyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) using Autodock 4.2 software. The anticonvulsant activity was assessed by maximal electroshock (MES) test and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (scPTZ) tests. The neurotoxicity was assessed by rotarod ataxia test. RESULTS In MES test, compound 5a, 8a and 9a were found active at 100 mg/kg and five compounds were found active at 300 mg/kg dose after 1 hr of administration. After 4 hr of drug administration, only two compounds 8a and 9a exhibited protection at both 100 mg/kg. In scPTZ test, three compounds 2a, 6a and 8a were active at 100 mg/kg and 7a was active at 300 mg/kg after 1 hr of test drug administration. Most of the compounds were found active in MES test with 8a and 9a being most active among all. In docking study, 2a was found to be best compound based on binding energy of -6.5 kcal/mol and estimated inhibition constant of 17.2 μM. CONCLUSION Majority of synthesized compounds were found to be active in MES test whereas only few were found to possess anti scPTZ activity. Among all compounds, only 14a caused motor coordination impairment in rotarod ataxia test at 300 mg/kg 1 hr duration.