The Ghost in The Machine

This paper proposes a new perspective on the role of computers in the re-materialization of ancient artifacts, highlighting issues of conservation, self-expression, and authorship in creative processes. Specifically, our approach allows all of the creative spirits (i.e., creative agencies) taking part in the making process---from the ancient makers, to the digital craftsperson, to the making machine itself---to be represented in the final outcome. The paper explores the evolution of our technique through three projects that rely on both digital and traditional making practices. We introduce the notion of a digital spirit, which allows for a holistic and respectful integration of diverse making agencies in a unified hybrid practice.