哈姆视角下的伊斯兰变体

Mohamad Ikrom
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引用次数: 6

摘要

伊斯兰教以《古兰经》的概念从安拉那里带来了纯粹和理想的教义,是他的使者实施的一个例子,尤其是在历史上以一种标准化甚至更光荣的方式提高妇女地位方面。伊斯兰教关于性别的理想概念有两个特点:第一,对法律的文本和教条主义来源的理解。第二,从父权制受损的穆斯林手中占有伊斯兰民族,并对其母系女性进行破坏。在父权制伊斯兰教出现并教育妇女之前,让伊斯兰人口在无知的时代恢复性别。印尼政府从中央到规则层面制定的法律被认为不歧视妇女,甚至对妇女来说似乎不熟悉。这可以从法律用作剥削妇女身体象征的指标中看出,例如关闭光环的义务、通奸的义务、在封闭区域工作的义务,因此有必要重建常见且众多的伊斯兰法律。伊斯兰伊斯兰教法律思想的重建可能使用以下各种原则:伊斯兰教法原则ipcipcipcipc,PrinsipDemokrasi(al-Dimukrathiyyah。伊斯兰理想的性别观之所以折射,是因为两件事:第一,对法律的文本和教条主义来源的理解。第二,穆斯林是从传教士那里获得的,他们似乎是父权制的,在物质上似乎将女性边缘化,从而使穆斯林回到父权制伊斯兰教到来之前的无知时代,并将女性边缘。印尼政府制定的从中央到乡村管理层的法律被认为并没有让女性繁荣,相反,它们似乎对女性不友好。这可以从法律使用的象征性和剥削[UNK]妇女身体的指标中看出,例如遮盖生殖器的义务、戴面纱的义务、在密闭空间工作的义务,从而使伊斯兰法律的重建繁荣而公正。伊斯兰法律思想的重建可以使用以下几个原则:伊斯兰教法原则、宗教相对性原则、专题解释原则、利益原则(al-Maslahat)、平等和性别公正原则(al-Musawah al-Jinsiyah)、原则诱惑原则(al-Ta`addudiyyah)、国籍原则(al-Muwathanah),执行人权原则(Iqamat al-Huquq al-Insaniyah)、民主原则(al-Dimukrathiyyah)
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
SYARIAT ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF GENDER DAN HAM
Islam membawa ajaran luhur dan ideal bersumber dari Allah dengan konsep Alqur’andan teladan implementasi oleh rasulullah khususnya dalam mengangkat derajat perempuanyang secara historis termarjinalisasi kederajat yang setara dan bahkan terkesan lebihdimuliakan. Konsep ideal islam tentang gender terbiaskan karena dua hal: pertama,pemahaman terhadap sumber hukum yang bersifat tekstual dan dogmatis. Kedua, perolehanpemahan umat islam dari mubalig yang terkesan patriarkis dan memarjinalkan perempuandalam materinya. Sehingga mengembalikan umat islam pada bias gender pada era jahiliyahsebelum datangnya islam yang patriarkis dan memarjinalkan perempuan.Hukum yang dibuat pemerintah Indonesia dari pusat sampai tingkat peraturan desadianggap tidak mensejahterakan perempuan, malah terkesan tidak ramah terhadap perempuan.Hal ini dapat dilihat dari indikator yang dipakai hukum tersebut bersifat simbolistik daneksploitasi tubuh wanita, seperti kewajiban menutup aurat, kewajiban berjilbab, bekerja padawilayah yang tertutup, sehingga perlu rekonstruksi kembali hukum Islam yangmensejahterakan dan berkeadilan. Rekonstruksi pemikiran hukum Islam dapat mengunakanbeberapa prinsip sebagai berikut: Prinsip Maqashid al-Syari`ah, Prinsip Relativitas Fiqh,Prinsip Tafsir Tematik, Prinsip Kemaslahatan (al-Maslahat), Prinsip Kesetaraan dan KeadilanGender (al-Musawah al-Jinsiyah), Prinsip Pluralitas (al-Ta`addudiyyah), Prinsip Nasionalitas(al-Muwathanah),, Prinsip Penegakan HAM (Iqamat al-Huquq al-Insaniyah), PrinsipDemokrasi (al-Dimuqrathiyyah)Islam brings noble and ideal teachings sourced from God with the concept of the Qur'anand the example of implementation by the messenger of Allah in particular in raising the rankof women who have historically been marginalized to equal degrees and even seem moreglorified. The ideal Islamic concept of gender is refracted because of two things: first,understanding of textual and dogmatic sources of law. Second, the acquisition of Muslimsfrom the preachers who seemed patriarchal and and seemed to marginalize women in terms ofmaterial, so that returning the Muslims to gender bias in the era of ignorance before the arrivalof patriarchal Islam and marginalizing women.Laws made by the Indonesian government from the center to the level of villageregulations are deemed not to prosper women, instead they seem unfriendly to women. Thiscan be seen from the indicators used by the law that are symbolic and exploit the body of women, such as the obligation to cover the genitals, the obligation to veil, work in a closedarea, so that the reconstruction of Islamic law is prosperous and just. Reconstruction ofIslamic legal thought can use several principles as follows: Maqashid al-Shari'ah Principle,Principles of Fiqh Relativity, Thematic Interpretation Principles, Principles of Benefit (al-Maslahat), Principles of Equality and Gender Justice (al-Musawah al-Jinsiyah), PrinciplesPlurality (al-Ta`addudiyyah), Principles of Nationality (al-Muwathanah) ,, Principles ofHuman Rights Enforcement (Iqamat al-Huquq al-Insaniyah), Principles of Democracy (al-Dimuqrathiyyah)
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