农业遗产香榧树系稳产和高遗传多样性的保持

IF 2.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Jian Zhang, Liangliang Hu, Liang Guo, Weizheng Ren, Lufeng Zhao, Ningjing Wang, Entao Zhang, Jianjun Tang, Xin Chen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:了解传统农业系统是如何维持的将有助于设计可持续农业。在这项研究中,我们考察了农民如何在 "全球重要农业遗产香榧树系统 "中利用两种当地香榧树(大香榧)实现稳产并保持遗传多样性。这两种香榧树分别是嫁接香榧树(GT)和非嫁接香榧树(NGT)。GT 树只有雌性,用于生产种子。NGT 树既有雌性也有雄性,通过提供花粉和砧木来支持 GT 树。我们首先测试了 GT 树与 NGT 树的比例、年龄组、雌性树(包括 GT 树和 NGT 树)与雄性树的比例,以及 GT 树和 NGT 树的花期。然后,我们测试了 GT 树和 NGT 树的种子产量和遗传多样性。我们还测试了NGT树之间的基因流,以及基因流与花粉和种子交换率的关系:GT树和NGT树(雌雄同株)的种植比例为4:1(GT:NGT)。在这种种植模式下,一棵 NGT 公树为 20 棵 GT 和 NGT 母树提供花粉。根据基部直径,树木被分为四个年龄组(I = 100-400 岁;II = 400-700 岁;III = 700-1000 岁;IV = 1000-1300 岁)。NGT 树的整个花期比 GT 树长,这确保了 GT 树(缺乏雄性)能够接触到花粉。GT 树的种子产量高且稳定,并随着树龄的增加而增加。GT 树和 NGT 树的砧木都保持了较高的遗传多样性。NGT 树之间的基因流动性很强,这与花粉和种子的交换率呈正相关:我们的研究结果表明,农民通过巧妙利用当地的 GT 树作为产量生产者和 NGT 树作为支持者,既获得了稳定的种子产量,又保持了较高的遗传多样性。这些GT树和NGT树共同确保了香榧的可持续生产。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The maintenance of stable yield and high genetic diversity in the agricultural heritage torreya tree system.

Background: Understanding how traditional agriculture systems have been maintained would help design sustainable agriculture. In this study, we examined how farmers have used two types of local trees (Torreya grandis) for stable yield and maintaining genetic diversity in the "globally important agricultural heritage torreya tree system". The two type of torreya trees are grafted torreya (GT) tree and non-grafted-torreya (NGT) tree. The GT tree has only female and was used to produced seed yields. The NGT tree has both male and female and was used to support GT tree by providing pollens and rootstocks. We first tested the ratio of GT tree to NGT tree, their age groups, ratio of female trees (including GT and NGT trees) to male, and the flowering period of GT and NGT trees. We then tested seed yields and genetic diversity of GT and NGT trees. We further tested gene flow among NGT trees, and the relationship of gene flow with exchange rates of pollens and seeds.

Results: GT and NGT trees (male and female) were planted in a mosaic pattern with a ratio of 4:1 (GT:NGT). In this planting pattern, one NGT male trees provided pollen for 20 female trees of GT and NGT. The trees were classified into four age groups (I = 100-400 years old; II = 400-700 years old; III = 700-1000 years old; and IV = 1000-1300 years old) based on basal diameter. The entire flowering period was longer for NGT trees than for GT trees that ensured GT trees (which lack of males) being exposed to pollens. GT tree had high and stable seed yield that increased with age groups. High genetic diversity has been maintained in both rootstocks of the GT trees and NGT trees. There was a strong gene flow among NGT trees, which positive correlated with the exchange rates of pollens and seeds.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that farmers obtain stable seed yields, and maintain high genetic diversity by ingeniously using the local GT tree as yield producer and NGT tree as supporter. These GT and NGT trees together ensure sustainable torreya production.

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来源期刊
BMC Ecology
BMC Ecology ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
4.50%
发文量
0
审稿时长
22 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Ecology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on environmental, behavioral and population ecology as well as biodiversity of plants, animals and microbes.
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