衰老过程及其与牙周状况的关系

Pitu Wulandari
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摘要

牙周组织破坏会引起患者的抱怨。牙龈炎症、牙龈出血,甚至牙齿脱落都是牙周组织破坏的临床特征。牙周炎是一种涉及牙周组织的炎症性疾病。牙周组织破坏的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。老年人先天免疫和适应性免疫的变化也在牙周炎的严重程度中发挥作用。“炎症”是一种与人类老年相关的慢性炎症状态。牙周炎导致炎症,因为老年人牙周炎与全身炎症标志物增加有关。与年龄相关的变化也会影响中性粒细胞的功能,尤其是抗菌活性,因此中性粒细胞可能会变得更具病理性。中性粒细胞渗透到组织中后,配备了几种抗菌策略来减少抗原的数量。吞噬作用是中性粒细胞吞噬和杀死微生物的能力,但中性粒细胞的吞噬作用在老年人中减弱。影响中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和T细胞的年龄相关变化似乎促进了致病性免疫反应,并导致老年人牙周病患病率增加。宿主免疫反应的适当调节对维持牙周健康至关重要。本文旨在描述衰老过程及其与牙周状况的关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The aging process and its relation to periodontal conditions
Periodontal tissue destruction can cause complaints for sufferers. Inflammatory conditions of the gingiva, bleeding gums, and even tooth loss are clinical features of the destruction of the periodontal tissues. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease involving the periodontal tissues. The prevalence of periodontium destruction increases with aging. Changes in innate and adaptive immunity that occur in the elderly also play a role in the severity of periodontitis. “Inflammaging” is a chronic inflammatory state associated with old age in humans. Periodontitis contributes to inflammaging since periodontitis in the elderly is associated with increased markers of systemic inflammation. Age-related changes also affect neutrophil function, especially antimicrobial activity, so neutrophils may become more pathological. After infiltration into the tissue, neutrophils are equipped with several antimicrobial strategies to reduce the number of antigens. Phagocytosis is the ability of neutrophils to engulf and kill microbes, but neutrophil phagocytosis is weakened in the elderly. Age-related changes affecting neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells appear to promote pathogenic immune responses and contribute to the increased prevalence of periodontal disease in aging individuals. Proper regulation of the host immune response is critical in maintaining periodontal health. This paper aims to describe the aging process and its relation to periodontal conditions.
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