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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文追溯了加拿大英语中as if, as though和like(当它们跟在诸如seem和look之类的证据动词后面时)的小调补语的历史。到了21世纪,as if和as though这两个词在加拿大已经很少见了,而like似乎变得很流行(López-Couso和msamudez - naya 2012b)。维多利亚英语档案(D 'Arcy 2011-2014, 2015;Roeder, Onosson, and D 'Arcy(2018))用于绘制共时性和历时性口语数据组合的变化。结果显示,即使在最早的使用者中,as if和as though也不常见,这使得加拿大英语口语与当时的写作不一致(Brook 2014)。然而,这种意想不到的语域差异可能解释了为什么补语词like在北美英语方言中比在英国更快、更容易流行起来——在英国,强有力的as if和as though在讲话中仍然是障碍。
This article traces the history of the minor complementisers as if, as though,
and like (when they follow evidential verbs such as seem and look) in Canadian
English. By the 21st century, both as if and as though were rare in Canada, while
like appeared to have become popular (López-Couso and Méndez-Naya
2012b). The Victoria English Archive (D’Arcy 2011–2014,
2015; Roeder, Onosson, and D’Arcy 2018)
is used to map out the change in a combination of synchronic and diachronic spoken data. Results show that as if
and as though are unusual even in the earliest speakers, which puts spoken Canadian English at odds with
contemporaneous writing (Brook 2014). However, this unexpected register difference may
explain why the complementiser like caught on in North American dialects of English sooner and more readily than
in the United Kingdom – where a robust as if and as though in speech would have remained
barriers.
期刊介绍:
English World-Wide has established itself as the leading and most comprehensive journal dealing with varieties of English. The focus is on scholarly discussions of new findings in the dialectology and sociolinguistics of the English-speaking communities (native and second-language speakers), but general problems of sociolinguistics, creolistics, language planning, multilingualism and modern historical sociolinguistics are included if they have a direct bearing on modern varieties of English. Although teaching problems are normally excluded, English World-Wide provides important background information for all those involved in teaching English throughout the world.