免耕与传统处理对斯塔夫罗波尔地区农业黑钙土生物活性影响的比较评价

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
O. Kutovaya, A. Tkhakakhova, M. Semenov, T. Chernov, N. A. Ksenofontova, Alena Zhelezova, R. Gadzhiumarov, R. S. Stukalov, E. Ivanova, D. Nikitin
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引用次数: 5

摘要

采用选择性营养培养基接种的方法,在不同耕作制度-直播(免耕)和翻耕(传统处理)的影响下,研究了斯塔夫罗波尔地区黑土土壤中分类学(细菌、放线菌、微菌类)和功能性(固氮菌、氨化菌、淀粉解菌、纤维素解菌)微生物群的丰度和活性。对冬小麦、玉米、向日葵和大豆等作物在施用/不施用矿质肥料时的产量进行了分析。大多数作物的传统耕作导致好氧氨化菌、纤维素解菌、反硝化菌、放线菌和微菌的活性增加。免耕技术反过来又增加了厌氧纤维素分解和固氮物、好氧重氮营养物和淀粉分解活性的强度。玉米是对土壤最敏感的作物,在免耕条件下,几乎所有微生物群的生物活性都有所增加,而冬小麦则促进了犁耕条件下微生物数量的增加。施用矿质肥促进了向日葵直接播种土壤生物活性的增长,而不施用矿质肥的常规耕作土壤生物活性更高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparative evaluation of the influence of no-till and traditional treatment on the biological activity of agricultural chernozem of the Stavropol region
Using the method of inoculation on elective nutrient media, the abundance and activity of taxonomic (bacteria, actinomycetes, micromycetes) and functional (nitrogen fixers, ammonifiers, denitrifiers of amylolytic, cellulolytic) groups of microorganisms in agrochernozems of the Stavropol region under the influence of various tillage systems – direct seeding (no-till) and moldboard plowing with the turnover of soil horizon (traditional treatment). Analyzes were carried out for such crops as winter wheat, corn, sunflower and soybean with/without application of mineral fertilizers. Traditional tillage for the majority of crops leads to increased activity of aerobic ammonifiers, cellulolytics, denitrifiers, actinomycetes and micromycetes. No-till technology, in its turn, increases the intensity of anaerobic cellulolytics and nitrogen fixers, aerobic diazotrophs and amylolytics activity. The most responsive crop, under which the biological activity of almost all groups of microorganisms increased in the no-till variant, was corn, while winter wheat contributed to the increase in the number of microorganisms in the moldboard plowing variant. The use of mineral fertilizers provoked the growth of soil biological activity under sunflower sown directly in the soil, while conventional tillage resulted in higher soil biological activity without application of mineral fertilizers.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
8 weeks
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