{"title":"单克隆抗体治疗视神经脊髓炎的疗效:荟萃分析的最新系统综述","authors":"Prajjwol Luitel, Anup Ghimire, Devansh Upadhyay, Rajeev Ojha","doi":"10.1111/cen3.12695","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>This is a critical review of studies aiming to assess the safety and efficacy of monoclonal antibodies as compared with the classical regimen in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Various electronic databases were searched for original articles reporting results from the use of monoclonal antibodies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The Expanded Disability Status Scale and annualized relapse rate score before and after treatment were the primary effect measures. The pooled standardized mean difference with 95% CI was calculated using the random effects model. The heterogeneity of the included studies was calculated using Cochran's Q test and <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> statistics.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Of 36 included studies, meta-analysis was carried out from 27 studies. The pooled analysis of 1010 patients showed a mean reduction in the mean annualized relapse rate ratio after tocilizumab therapy −2.45 (95% CI −3.13 to −1.77) to be higher compared with rituximab −1.49 (95% CI −1.81 to −1.17). Likewise, the mean reduction in the Expanded Disability Status Scale after tocilizumab was higher −1.10 (95% CI −1.75 to −0.44) compared with rituximab −0.80 (95% CI −1.11 to −0.48).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Tocilizumab has a greater effect than rituximab in terms of the reduction of the annualized relapse rate and Expanded Disability Status Scale in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients. The greater efficacy of tocilizumab could result from its multiple dynamic pharmacodynamics (i.e. its effect on interleukin-6-dependent inflammatory processes, involving CD20-negative plasmablasts, pathogenic T cells and regulatory T cells) and to some degree due to heterogeneity in our study. Satralizumab (monotherapy or add-on), eculizumab and inebilizumab (monotherapy) are effective in aquaporin-4-positive cases with good safety profiles. Ublituximab, bortezomib, bevacizumab and C1-esterase inhibitors are both effective and safe add-on drugs.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":10193,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in neuromyelitis optica: An updated systematic review with meta-analysis\",\"authors\":\"Prajjwol Luitel, Anup Ghimire, Devansh Upadhyay, Rajeev Ojha\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/cen3.12695\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objective</h3>\\n \\n <p>This is a critical review of studies aiming to assess the safety and efficacy of monoclonal antibodies as compared with the classical regimen in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Various electronic databases were searched for original articles reporting results from the use of monoclonal antibodies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The Expanded Disability Status Scale and annualized relapse rate score before and after treatment were the primary effect measures. The pooled standardized mean difference with 95% CI was calculated using the random effects model. The heterogeneity of the included studies was calculated using Cochran's Q test and <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> statistics.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Of 36 included studies, meta-analysis was carried out from 27 studies. The pooled analysis of 1010 patients showed a mean reduction in the mean annualized relapse rate ratio after tocilizumab therapy −2.45 (95% CI −3.13 to −1.77) to be higher compared with rituximab −1.49 (95% CI −1.81 to −1.17). Likewise, the mean reduction in the Expanded Disability Status Scale after tocilizumab was higher −1.10 (95% CI −1.75 to −0.44) compared with rituximab −0.80 (95% CI −1.11 to −0.48).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>Tocilizumab has a greater effect than rituximab in terms of the reduction of the annualized relapse rate and Expanded Disability Status Scale in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients. The greater efficacy of tocilizumab could result from its multiple dynamic pharmacodynamics (i.e. its effect on interleukin-6-dependent inflammatory processes, involving CD20-negative plasmablasts, pathogenic T cells and regulatory T cells) and to some degree due to heterogeneity in our study. Satralizumab (monotherapy or add-on), eculizumab and inebilizumab (monotherapy) are effective in aquaporin-4-positive cases with good safety profiles. Ublituximab, bortezomib, bevacizumab and C1-esterase inhibitors are both effective and safe add-on drugs.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10193,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-03-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cen3.12695\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"Immunology and Microbiology\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cen3.12695","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Immunology and Microbiology","Score":null,"Total":0}
Efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in neuromyelitis optica: An updated systematic review with meta-analysis
Objective
This is a critical review of studies aiming to assess the safety and efficacy of monoclonal antibodies as compared with the classical regimen in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
Methods
Various electronic databases were searched for original articles reporting results from the use of monoclonal antibodies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The Expanded Disability Status Scale and annualized relapse rate score before and after treatment were the primary effect measures. The pooled standardized mean difference with 95% CI was calculated using the random effects model. The heterogeneity of the included studies was calculated using Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics.
Results
Of 36 included studies, meta-analysis was carried out from 27 studies. The pooled analysis of 1010 patients showed a mean reduction in the mean annualized relapse rate ratio after tocilizumab therapy −2.45 (95% CI −3.13 to −1.77) to be higher compared with rituximab −1.49 (95% CI −1.81 to −1.17). Likewise, the mean reduction in the Expanded Disability Status Scale after tocilizumab was higher −1.10 (95% CI −1.75 to −0.44) compared with rituximab −0.80 (95% CI −1.11 to −0.48).
Conclusion
Tocilizumab has a greater effect than rituximab in terms of the reduction of the annualized relapse rate and Expanded Disability Status Scale in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients. The greater efficacy of tocilizumab could result from its multiple dynamic pharmacodynamics (i.e. its effect on interleukin-6-dependent inflammatory processes, involving CD20-negative plasmablasts, pathogenic T cells and regulatory T cells) and to some degree due to heterogeneity in our study. Satralizumab (monotherapy or add-on), eculizumab and inebilizumab (monotherapy) are effective in aquaporin-4-positive cases with good safety profiles. Ublituximab, bortezomib, bevacizumab and C1-esterase inhibitors are both effective and safe add-on drugs.