竞争力、财政政策和腐败:来自中欧和东欧国家的证据

IF 7.6 1区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Ramona Ţigănaşu, G. Pascariu, D. Lupu
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引用次数: 18

摘要

研究背景:全球挑战引发的变革需要对竞争力采取新的方法,因此需要不断反思战略和机制,以便更好地适应不断变化的环境。在加入欧洲联盟之前,中欧和东欧国家开始了广泛的经济改革进程,包括贸易自由化、大规模私有化、汇率自由化,所有这些都导致了对新市场的更广泛开放,创造了新的生产机会,并确保了公司在外国市场上的竞争力。到目前为止,后共产主义时期最重要的一步是在2004年之后加入欧盟。随着时间的推移,这些国家一方面面临着与解决系统脆弱性有关的问题,另一方面也面临着寻找最合适的措施来提高竞争力的问题。公共政策对竞争力的影响仍然是一个需要讨论的问题,我们的研究建议考察外部竞争力对政府支出增加和腐败的反应。文章的目的:本文的目的是分析1995年期间财政政策和腐败对东欧11个国家(保加利亚、克罗地亚、捷克、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚)的外部竞争力的影响?2020.选择这个时间间隔是为了更好地捕捉中东欧国家融入欧盟前后竞争力、财政政策和腐败之间的三项关系?2020.扩充Dickey的单位根测试?Fuller ADF(2016)用于评估时间序列平稳性。Bai和Perron(2003)开发的测试通过LM测试来检测结构断裂。使用Pesaran等人(2001)提出的ARDL模型对所考虑的变量之间的协整进行检验也是研究的一部分。Granger等人(2000)的因果关系检验用于评估指标之间的条件性。通过应用这些方法,人们强调,特别是在2007年之后,在所分析的州,扩张性财政政策导致了货币的内部贬值,最终提高了以实际有效汇率衡量的外部竞争力。相反,腐败对竞争力产生了负面影响。研究结果和附加值:研究结果指出了中东欧国家竞争力、财政政策和腐败之间的关系。就那些具有高竞争力的国家而言,即使有大量的政府支出,也有利于实施大规模产生附加值的措施的经济环境。相反,在腐败率高的国家,由于这种现象造成的负面影响,政府财政政策对竞争力的影响减少了。我们的研究至少对文献有两个贡献。首先,研究表明,公共支出的增长如何通过实际汇率影响中东欧经济体的竞争力。第二,它考虑到适用于东方国家的腐败现象,强调这些经济体的外部竞争力因腐败的表现而下降。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Competitiveness, fiscal policy and corruption: evidence from Central and Eastern European countries
Research background: The transformations induced by global challenges call for new approaches towards competitiveness and thus require a consistent rethinking of strategies and mechanisms so that they could be better adapted to the constantly changing context. Prior to the European Union (EU) accession, the Central and Eastern European (CEE) states began a broad process of economic reforms, including trade liberalization, mass privatization, exchange rate liberalization, all of which led to a wider opening to new markets, the creation of new opportunities for production and to ensuring the competitiveness of companies on foreign markets. By far, the most important step in the post-communist period was joining the EU, achieved after 2004. Over time, these states have faced, on the one hand, issues related to addressing systemic vulnerabilities, and on the other hand, finding the most appropriate measures to induce competitiveness. The influence of public policies on competitiveness is still an issue that needs to be debated, our study proposing to examine the reaction of external competitiveness to the increase of government spending and corruption. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of fiscal policies and corruption on the external competitiveness of the eleven countries from Eastern Europe (Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) for the period 1995?2020. The choice of this time interval is to better capture the trinomial relationship between competitiveness, fiscal policy and corruption before and after the process of integration of the CEE states into the EU. Methods: The methodology chosen is based on ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) with structural breaks, the period taken into account being 1995?2020. The Unit root  test  of  augmented Dickey?Fuller ADF  (2016) was used  to  assess  the  time  series  stationarity. The test developed by Bai and Perron (2003) is applied to detect structural breaks, by resorting to the LM test. The tests for the cointegration between the considered variables, using the ARDL model, proposed by Pesaran et al. (2001), were also part of the research. The causality test of Granger et al. (2000) was used to assess the conditionality between the indicators. By applying these methods, it was highlighted that, especially after 2007, in the states under analysis, expansionary fiscal policies have led to internal devaluations of the currency, which ultimately increased external competitiveness, measured as real effective exchange rate. Instead, corruption has a negative impact on competitiveness. Findings & value added: The obtained results point out the relationship between competitiveness, fiscal policy and corruption in CEE countries. In the case of those that have a high competitiveness, even if there are large government expenditures, there is also an economic environment conducive to the implementation of measures that generate added value on a large scale. Conversely, in countries where corruption is high, the impact of government fiscal policies on competitiveness is reduced due to the negative effects caused by this phenomenon. Our study brings at least two contributions to the literature. First of all, the research shows how a growth in public spending affects the competitiveness of CEE economies through the real exchange rate. Secondly, it takes into account the phenomenon of corruption applied to Eastern countries, emphasizing a decrease in the external competitiveness of these economies in response to the manifestation of corruption.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
5.90%
发文量
26
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: The Oeconomia Copernicana is an academic quarterly journal aimed at academicians, economic policymakers, and students studying finance, accounting, management, and economics. It publishes academic articles on contemporary issues in economics, finance, banking, accounting, and management from various research perspectives. The journal's mission is to publish advanced theoretical and empirical research that contributes to the development of these disciplines and has practical relevance. The journal encourages the use of various research methods, including falsification of conventional understanding, theory building through inductive or qualitative research, first empirical testing of theories, meta-analysis with theoretical implications, constructive replication, and a combination of qualitative, quantitative, field, laboratory, and meta-analytic approaches. While the journal prioritizes comprehensive manuscripts that include methodological-based theoretical and empirical research with implications for policymaking, it also welcomes submissions focused solely on theory or methodology.
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