防止牧场退化:澳大利亚和中国的共同问题

IF 1.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY
Rangeland Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-03 DOI:10.1071/rj20068
K. Hodgkinson, Deli Wang
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引用次数: 2

摘要

在澳大利亚、中国和其他地方,牧场退化仍在继续。对于希望避免退化和/或提高收入的牧民来说,放养率/动物生产关系是一个成功的概念。然而,在放牧压力下,没有办法提醒牧民注意临界阈值的接近,这将使牧场“翻转”到其他状态。用于避免退化(和抓住恢复机会)的临界阈值预测可以在线提供。研究尚未找到、汇编和检验预测国家和过渡思维所设想的临界阈值的方法所需的一套指标。围场、财产和区域尺度的预测必须涉及高性能计算,因为阈值将依赖于空间和时间。澳大利亚和中国合作开展这项研究的理由在于,两国之间有大量截然不同的牧场生态系统,这些生态系统代表着全球的牧场。在植物种群动态、景观斑块/渗漏和土壤生物群状况及其对气候和放牧动物的单独和综合影响的响应等方面,已有的研究项目证明了过去的合作历史。采用的道路将涉及在整个过程中与牧民建立伙伴关系,通过遥感实时识别接近的阈值,应用高性能计算和可能的人工智能,以及对不同社会经济牧场系统进行打包预测。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Preventing rangeland degradation: a shared problem for Australia and China
Rangeland degradation continues in Australia, China and elsewhere. The stocking rate/animal production relationship has been a successful concept for pastoralists wanting to avoid degradation and/or raise incomes. However, there are no means available of alerting pastoralists to the approach of critical thresholds that would ‘flip’ rangelands into alternative states when grazing-stressed. Critical threshold forecasting for avoiding degradation (and seizing restoration opportunities) could be made available online. Research has yet to find, assemble and test the set of indicators needed to forecast the approach of critical thresholds envisaged in State-and-Transition thinking. Forecasting at paddock, property and regional scales would have to involve high-performance computing because the thresholds will be space and time dependent. The case for Australia and China to contribute cooperatively to this research effort rests on the large number of contrasting rangeland ecosystems across the two countries that represent rangelands globally. A proven history of past collaboration is extant with existing research programs on plant population dynamics, landscape patchiness/leakiness and soil biota status, and their responses to the separate and combined effects of climate and grazing animals. The road to adoption would involve partnerships with pastoralists throughout the process, remote sensing to identify approaching thresholds in real time, application of high-performance computing and possibly artificial intelligence, and packaging of forecasts for different socio-economic rangeland systems.
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来源期刊
Rangeland Journal
Rangeland Journal 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
14
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: The Rangeland Journal publishes original work that makes a significant contribution to understanding the biophysical, social, cultural, economic, and policy influences affecting rangeland use and management throughout the world. Rangelands are defined broadly and include all those environments where natural ecological processes predominate, and where values and benefits are based primarily on natural resources. Articles may present the results of original research, contributions to theory or new conclusions reached from the review of a topic. Their structure need not conform to that of standard scientific articles but writing style must be clear and concise. All material presented must be well documented, critically analysed and objectively presented. All papers are peer-reviewed. The Rangeland Journal is published on behalf of the Australian Rangeland Society.
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