CPS(TCPS)时间特刊简介

IF 2 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS
Aviral Shrivastava, P. Derler
{"title":"CPS(TCPS)时间特刊简介","authors":"Aviral Shrivastava, P. Derler","doi":"10.1145/3433948","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"For many Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), timing is crucial for safety, security, and responsiveness of the system behavior. Time is key to enabling coordinated actions among the many, often heavily distributed, components of a CPS. For example, in power systems, the time of all phasor measurement units (PMUs) is synchronized via GPS signals, because otherwise aligning data from various distributed PMUs will become impossible, rendering state estimates wrong and unusable. With the increasing connectivity in modern CPS, requirements on timing accuracy and synchronization are evolving, ranging from tight, picosecond synchronization accuracy in power systems to high precision and accuracy requirements for wireless and low-power networks. Smart cities and connected vehicles pose new technological challenges and timing properties play an important role for coordination and security. Despite the importance of time in CPS, there are significant gaps in specifying, reasoning about, verifying, and testing the timing behavior of systems. In practice, timing in CPS is often an afterthought in the development process. While experienced domain experts might understand the desired timing behavior of the CPS, they often do not have a standardized, formal way of describing the timing requirements, let alone incorporating timing properties as part of the design. Even if a design is accompanied with well-defined timing requirements, it is difficult to verify whether a given design satisfies those requirements. The article in this special issue address challenges ranging from specifying, modeling, and verifying time in CPS in various application domains, including automotive control, communication, and manufacturing. • In their work on “Composable Finite State Machine–based Modeling for Quality-ofInformation-Aware Cyber-physical Systems,” Rafael Rosales and Michael Paulitsch present a model-based design methodology and introduce composable design patterns to address the following Quality-of-Information properties: timeliness, correctness, completeness, consistency, and accuracy. By specifying and composing behaviors using extended finite state machines, reuse and robustness are increased and dynamic validation and optimization of functional and nonfunctional properties is enabled. • The article “System-level Logical Execution Time: Augmenting the Logical Execution Time Paradigm for Distributed Real-time Automotive Software,” by Kai-Björn Gemlau, Leonie Köhler, Rolf Ernst, and Sophie Quinton, apply the well-known logical execution time paradigm, which abstracts away notoriously hard-to-characterize and often non-deterministic physical execution times, not just to a single component but also in a systemwide context. By explicitly acknowledging the fact that communication times are not negligible and cannot be abstracted way, the work addresses challenges in the design and verification of complex automotive systems, such as predictability, synchronization, composability, and extensibility.","PeriodicalId":7055,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1145/3433948","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Introduction to the Special Issue on Time for CPS (TCPS)\",\"authors\":\"Aviral Shrivastava, P. Derler\",\"doi\":\"10.1145/3433948\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"For many Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), timing is crucial for safety, security, and responsiveness of the system behavior. Time is key to enabling coordinated actions among the many, often heavily distributed, components of a CPS. For example, in power systems, the time of all phasor measurement units (PMUs) is synchronized via GPS signals, because otherwise aligning data from various distributed PMUs will become impossible, rendering state estimates wrong and unusable. With the increasing connectivity in modern CPS, requirements on timing accuracy and synchronization are evolving, ranging from tight, picosecond synchronization accuracy in power systems to high precision and accuracy requirements for wireless and low-power networks. Smart cities and connected vehicles pose new technological challenges and timing properties play an important role for coordination and security. Despite the importance of time in CPS, there are significant gaps in specifying, reasoning about, verifying, and testing the timing behavior of systems. In practice, timing in CPS is often an afterthought in the development process. While experienced domain experts might understand the desired timing behavior of the CPS, they often do not have a standardized, formal way of describing the timing requirements, let alone incorporating timing properties as part of the design. Even if a design is accompanied with well-defined timing requirements, it is difficult to verify whether a given design satisfies those requirements. The article in this special issue address challenges ranging from specifying, modeling, and verifying time in CPS in various application domains, including automotive control, communication, and manufacturing. • In their work on “Composable Finite State Machine–based Modeling for Quality-ofInformation-Aware Cyber-physical Systems,” Rafael Rosales and Michael Paulitsch present a model-based design methodology and introduce composable design patterns to address the following Quality-of-Information properties: timeliness, correctness, completeness, consistency, and accuracy. By specifying and composing behaviors using extended finite state machines, reuse and robustness are increased and dynamic validation and optimization of functional and nonfunctional properties is enabled. • The article “System-level Logical Execution Time: Augmenting the Logical Execution Time Paradigm for Distributed Real-time Automotive Software,” by Kai-Björn Gemlau, Leonie Köhler, Rolf Ernst, and Sophie Quinton, apply the well-known logical execution time paradigm, which abstracts away notoriously hard-to-characterize and often non-deterministic physical execution times, not just to a single component but also in a systemwide context. By explicitly acknowledging the fact that communication times are not negligible and cannot be abstracted way, the work addresses challenges in the design and verification of complex automotive systems, such as predictability, synchronization, composability, and extensibility.\",\"PeriodicalId\":7055,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-01-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1145/3433948\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433948\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3433948","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1

摘要

对于许多网络物理系统(CPS)来说,时间对于系统行为的安全性、安全性和响应性至关重要。要在CPS的许多(通常是大量分布的)组成部分之间实现协调行动,时间是关键。例如,在电力系统中,所有相量测量单元(pmu)的时间都是通过GPS信号同步的,否则将不可能对齐来自各个分布式pmu的数据,从而导致状态估计错误和不可用。随着现代CPS中连通性的增加,对定时精度和同步的要求也在不断发展,从电力系统中严格的皮秒同步精度到无线和低功耗网络的高精度和精度要求。智慧城市和网联汽车提出了新的技术挑战,而时序特性在协调和安全方面发挥着重要作用。尽管时间在CPS中很重要,但在指定、推理、验证和测试系统的定时行为方面存在重大差距。在实践中,在开发过程中,CPS中的时间通常是事后才想到的。虽然经验丰富的领域专家可能了解CPS的期望计时行为,但他们通常没有标准化的、正式的方式来描述计时需求,更不用说将计时属性作为设计的一部分了。即使设计伴随着定义良好的时序需求,也很难验证给定的设计是否满足这些需求。本期特刊中的文章讨论了在各种应用领域(包括汽车控制、通信和制造)中指定、建模和验证CPS时间的挑战。•Rafael Rosales和Michael Paulitsch在“面向信息质量感知的网络物理系统的可组合有限状态机建模”一文中提出了一种基于模型的设计方法,并引入了可组合的设计模式来解决以下信息质量属性:及时性、正确性、完整性、一致性和准确性。通过使用扩展有限状态机指定和组合行为,增加了重用性和健壮性,并启用了功能和非功能属性的动态验证和优化。•Kai-Björn Gemlau、Leonie Köhler、Rolf Ernst和Sophie Quinton撰写的文章“系统级逻辑执行时间:增强分布式实时汽车软件的逻辑执行时间范式”,应用了众所周知的逻辑执行时间范式,该范式抽象了众所周知的难以表征且通常不确定的物理执行时间,不仅适用于单个组件,而且适用于系统范围的上下文中。通过明确承认通信时间不可忽略且不能抽象的事实,该工作解决了复杂汽车系统设计和验证中的挑战,例如可预测性、同步性、可组合性和可扩展性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Introduction to the Special Issue on Time for CPS (TCPS)
For many Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), timing is crucial for safety, security, and responsiveness of the system behavior. Time is key to enabling coordinated actions among the many, often heavily distributed, components of a CPS. For example, in power systems, the time of all phasor measurement units (PMUs) is synchronized via GPS signals, because otherwise aligning data from various distributed PMUs will become impossible, rendering state estimates wrong and unusable. With the increasing connectivity in modern CPS, requirements on timing accuracy and synchronization are evolving, ranging from tight, picosecond synchronization accuracy in power systems to high precision and accuracy requirements for wireless and low-power networks. Smart cities and connected vehicles pose new technological challenges and timing properties play an important role for coordination and security. Despite the importance of time in CPS, there are significant gaps in specifying, reasoning about, verifying, and testing the timing behavior of systems. In practice, timing in CPS is often an afterthought in the development process. While experienced domain experts might understand the desired timing behavior of the CPS, they often do not have a standardized, formal way of describing the timing requirements, let alone incorporating timing properties as part of the design. Even if a design is accompanied with well-defined timing requirements, it is difficult to verify whether a given design satisfies those requirements. The article in this special issue address challenges ranging from specifying, modeling, and verifying time in CPS in various application domains, including automotive control, communication, and manufacturing. • In their work on “Composable Finite State Machine–based Modeling for Quality-ofInformation-Aware Cyber-physical Systems,” Rafael Rosales and Michael Paulitsch present a model-based design methodology and introduce composable design patterns to address the following Quality-of-Information properties: timeliness, correctness, completeness, consistency, and accuracy. By specifying and composing behaviors using extended finite state machines, reuse and robustness are increased and dynamic validation and optimization of functional and nonfunctional properties is enabled. • The article “System-level Logical Execution Time: Augmenting the Logical Execution Time Paradigm for Distributed Real-time Automotive Software,” by Kai-Björn Gemlau, Leonie Köhler, Rolf Ernst, and Sophie Quinton, apply the well-known logical execution time paradigm, which abstracts away notoriously hard-to-characterize and often non-deterministic physical execution times, not just to a single component but also in a systemwide context. By explicitly acknowledging the fact that communication times are not negligible and cannot be abstracted way, the work addresses challenges in the design and verification of complex automotive systems, such as predictability, synchronization, composability, and extensibility.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems
ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS-
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
4.30%
发文量
40
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信