Los caminos de migrantes que pasan por México: análisis desde la Teoría de Grafos

The objective of this research is to update the map of migration routes in Mexico and determine the influential cities, risk zones, and the effects of the 2018 and 2019 caravans. The methodology includes the review of comprehensive documentation and the application of Graph Theory. There are 545 services for migrants (consulates, lodging places, canteens, dispensaries, religious centers, and legal support offices) with which a network of 183 nodes and 720 edges is built. Transit is ordered within a scheme of three interconnected blocks. The cities of Guadalajara, Mazatlán, Ixtepec, and Tenosique stand out as the most influential in the transit of migrants. Shorter routes to the United States always go through at least two danger zones. The results can be used for public policy design on security and information generation.