变异性性别差异研究中的重复性错误

Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI:10.3390/stats6020033
T. Hill, Rosalind Arden
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在过去的四分之一个世纪里,关于变异性中的性别差异这一有争议的话题的研究死灰复燃,部分原因是它可能会对我们社会中不同亚群体在不同特征方面的代表性不足和过多问题产生影响。不幸的是,在这一备受关注的主题的研究中,一些基本的统计、推理和逻辑错误正在传播。这些错误包括对实际方差比值的数值意义的相互矛盾的解释;关于分布混合中方差比的错误说法;关于社会文化和生物因素的相对作用的方差比值的错误推断;以及错误的实验设计。最重要的是,在不了解潜在分布的情况下,标准方差比检验统计量对尾率没有影响。本说明的主要目的是纠正科学记录,并阐明其中几个关键错误,以减少其进一步传播。为了具体起见,争论将集中在一篇极具影响力的论文上。
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Recurring Errors in Studies of Gender Differences in Variability
The past quarter century has seen a resurgence of research on the controversial topic of gender differences in variability, in part because of its potential implications for the issue of under- and over-representation of various subpopulations of our society, with respect to different traits. Unfortunately, several basic statistical, inferential, and logical errors are being propagated in studies on this highly publicized topic. These errors include conflicting interpretations of the numerical significance of actual variance ratio values; a mistaken claim about variance ratios in mixtures of distributions; incorrect inferences from variance ratio values regarding the relative roles of sociocultural and biological factors; and faulty experimental designs. Most importantly, without knowledge of the underlying distributions, the standard variance ratio test statistic is shown to have no implications for tail ratios. The main aim of this note is to correct the scientific record and to illuminate several of these key errors in order to reduce their further propagation. For concreteness, the arguments will focus on one highly influential paper.
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