野猪还是熊?Shakhty岩洞的岩石艺术(东帕米尔高原)

Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ara.2022.100415
Lydia V. Zotkina , Dmitry G. Malikov , Svetlana V. Shnaider , Nuritdin N. Sayfulloev , Ksenya A. Kolobova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

岩石艺术研究的基本路线之一是图像的时间归属。最先进的方法包括一套直接和间接的方法,旨在将图像与特定的考古文化联系起来,或至少在时间边界的定义上。东帕米尔高原(塔吉克斯坦)以少数岩石艺术遗址而闻名,其中位于海拔4200米的Shakhty岩石庇护所代表了一个非常独特的狩猎场景,这是一种古老的自然主义风格,没有直接的相似之处。20世纪60年代初,它的发现者v·a·拉诺夫初步认为它属于石器时代。Shakhty兽形象的分类鉴定尚不清楚。主要假设提出了两种选择:棕熊或野猪。物种定义可与该地区的古动物和古环境资料相结合,作为一个年代标志。本研究主要通过确定动物形图的分类关系,并与东帕米尔更新世和全新世早期的动物组成和古气候资料进行对比,对Shakhty -shelter岩画进行间接测年。
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Boar or bear? Rock art of the Shakhty rock-shelter (Eastern Pamir)

One of the fundamental lines of rock art research is chronological attribution of images. State-of-the-art methodology includes a set of direct and indirect approaches aimed at correlation the imagery with specific archaeological cultures or at least at definition of the chronological boundaries.

The highlands of Eastern Pamir (Tadjikistan) is known by a very few rock art sites among which the Shakhty rock-shelter located at the height of 4200 m above sea level representing a very unique hunting scene which is created in an archaic naturalistic style which has no direct parallels. It was preliminary attributed to the Stone Age by its discoverer V. A. Ranov at the beginning of the 1960s. A taxonomic identification of zoomorphic figures from Shakhty was not clear. The main hypothesis proposed two options: brown bear or wild boar. The species definition could be a chronological marker in correlation with data on paleofauna and paleoenvironment in the region.

The present study focuses on indirect dating of the Shakhty rock-shelter rock art through the determination of the taxonomic affiliation of zoomorphic figures and correlation with data on the fauna composition and paleoclimate of the Eastern Pamir in the Pleistocene and early Holocene.

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