大分化的年代

IF 1.7 1区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
J. Goldstone
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引用次数: 6

摘要

关于荷兰和英国人均GDP的最新数据显示,在1750年之前,也许在1800年之前,西北欧的主要国家从未享受过人均GDP的持续强劲增长。人均收入的这种增长确实是极不稳定的,集中在几十年内,随后是人均收入的长期停滞。此外,在1800年之前,西北欧主要经济体的人均收入水平与意大利和中国等最发达地区几百年前达到的峰值水平没有太大差别。当工业革命在英国开始时,它之前并没有出现任何显著的前现代收入增长模式,既没有实际收入的持续增长,也没有人均收入的异常水平。“大分化”被视为在人口强劲增长的情况下,人均收入持续增长的开端,以及收入超过前现代时期峰值的成就,这一现象发生得很晚,仅从1800年开始出现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dating the Great Divergence
Abstract New data on Dutch and British GDP/capita show that at no time prior to 1750, perhaps not before 1800, did the leading countries of northwestern Europe enjoy sustained strong growth in GDP/capita. Such growth in income per head as did occur was highly episodic, concentrated in a few decades and then followed by long periods of stagnation of income per head. Moreover, at no time before 1800 did the leading economies of northwestern Europe reach levels of income per capita much different from peak levels achieved hundreds of years earlier in the most developed regions of Italy and China. When the Industrial Revolution began in Britain, it was not preceded by patterns of pre-modern income growth that were in any way remarkable, neither by sustained prior growth in real incomes nor exceptional levels of income per head. The Great Divergence, seen as the onset of sustained increases in income per head despite strong population growth, and achievement of incomes beyond pre-modern peaks, was a late occurrence, arising only from 1800.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.30%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Journal of Global History addresses the main problems of global change over time, together with the diverse histories of globalization. It also examines counter-currents to globalization, including those that have structured other spatial units. The journal seeks to transcend the dichotomy between "the West and the rest", straddle traditional regional boundaries, relate material to cultural and political history, and overcome thematic fragmentation in historiography. The journal also acts as a forum for interdisciplinary conversations across a wide variety of social and natural sciences. Published for London School of Economics and Political Science
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