Performance Evaluation of Coconut Oil Based Cutting Fluid with Biodegradable Additives on Cylindrical Turning of AISI 1040 Carbon Steel

This article analyzed the effect of coconut oil-based cutting fluid with emulsion properties of 5%. The cutting fluid was evaluated by comparing it with conventional cutting fluid (Petroleum Based). Machining temperature at the tool-workpiece interface was measured during straight turning operation on CNC machine at various cutting speeds, depths of cut, and fixed feed rate of 7.5 mm/min for 15 minutes. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was also used to determine the machining parameters' effect on each cutting fluid's temperature at the tool-workpiece interface. It was observed that the developed coconut cutting fluid outperformed the other cutting fluids as a coolant at all experimented speeds, with a maximum temperature of 63.5 °C at the working zone as against 90.6 °C observed for conventional cutting fluid and 163.8 °C for dry turning. The viscosity values obtained from the developed cutting fluid between 40 °C and 100 °C show the tendency of the developed cutting fluid to maintain its lubricity at a higher temperature. Depth of cut was also observed to have a significant effect on the temperature at the tool-workpiece interface.