在雅各布·迈登巴赫的《霍图斯消毒剂》中,塞壬和萨蒂尔是精神的治愈者

IF 0.1 0 ART
Catherine Mahoney
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引用次数: 0

摘要

中世纪草药是百科全书式的医学汇编,详细介绍了各种植物、动物和矿物的物理结构和治疗特性。这些书对中世纪医生和草药医生的实践至关重要,他们经常培养或收集自己的医学标本用于治疗患者。1通过对美因茨印刷商Jacob Meydenbach于1491年出版的《Hortus sanitatis》第一版手写铭文的检查,发现墨尔本大学Baillieu图书馆珍本收藏的一种15世纪印刷草药。2 1491年的版本是唯一一个由梅登巴赫生产的版本,尽管印刷商Johann Pr€uss出版了三个更经济的版本,他通过使用较小的字体和增加每列文本的行数来减少所需的纸张量。Baillieu于1903年获得了《Hortus》的副本,在大学文化材料保护中心进行保护处理之前,这本书处于极其脆弱的状态,缺少了最初的装订和扉页。3原件454页中只有386页,复印件不完善;然而,它保留了两个按字母顺序排列的索引,几百幅手绘木刻插图,以及后来的一些注释。4梅登巴赫的《Hortus》中的许多分类条目都是1485年印刷商Peter Sch€offer(约1425年至约1503年)的德语汇编(也称为Hortus sanitatis或Garten der Gesundheit)的拉丁语翻译,他受雇于约翰内斯·古腾堡的工作室。5与Sch€offer的草药不同,Meydenbach的版本引入了各种幻想和可怕的动物,包括独角兽、龙、螳螂、色狼和警笛。梅登巴赫的《霍图斯》表面上是一本流行医学的书,它与基督教动物寓言的传统紧密相连,其中各种动物和怪物的特征提供了一种说教
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Siren and the Satyr as Spiritual Curatives in Jacob Meydenbach’s Hortus sanitatis
Medieval herbals were encyclopedic medicinal compilations that detailed the physical structure and therapeutic properties of a wide range of plants, animals, and minerals. These books were essential to the practice of medieval physicians and herbalists, who often cultivated or collected their own medicinal specimens for use in the treatment of patients. 1 A fifteenth-century printed herbal held in the University of Melbourne ’ s Baillieu Library Rare Books Collection has been identified through examination of a hand-written inscription as a first edition Hortus sanitatis , published in 1491 by the Mainz printer Jacob Meydenbach. 2 The 1491 edition is the only one produced by Meydenbach, although three more economical editions were published by the printer Johann Pr € uss, who reduced the amount of paper required by using a smaller type and increasing the lines in each column of text. The Baillieu acquired its copy of the Hortus in 1903 and, prior to conservation treatment at the University ’ s Centre for Cultural Materials Conservation, the book was in extremely fragile condition and missing its original binding and title page. 3 Containing only 386 of the original 454 leaves, the copy is imperfect; it retained, however, two alphabetised indices, several hundred hand-coloured woodcut illustrations, and a number of annotations in a later hand. 4 Many of the taxonomic entries in Meydenbach ’ s Hortus were Latin translations from a 1485 German-language compilation (also known as Hortus sanitatis, or Garten der Gesundheit ) by the printer Peter Sch € offer (c. 1425 – c. 1503), who was employed in the workshop of Johannes Gutenberg. 5 Unlike Sch € offer ’ s herbal, how-ever, Meydenbach ’ s version introduced a variety of fantastical and monstrous fauna, including the unicorn, the dragon, the manticore, the satyr, and the siren. Ostensibly a book of popular medicine, Meydenbach ’ s Hortus aligned itself closely with the tradition of the Christian bestiary, wherein the characteristics of various animals and monsters provided a didactic
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