“我们亲吻每个人的手来获得一份永久性的工作,但它在哪里?”:难民社会包容叙事的失败

IF 1.2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY
Hanna Svensson
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引用次数: 1

摘要

人道主义移民虽然需要证明他们的脆弱性才能进入定居国,但很快就会成为以自给自足为主要目标的融合叙事的主题。在整合叙事中,语言学习被概念化为一种个人努力,这将不可避免地导致就业,而语言流利和社会融入往往被视为参与劳动力市场的必然结果。缺乏成功归因于个人的失败,通常通过旨在激励个人更加努力的政策来解决。本文通过对新西兰和瑞典的难民、语言教师和定居经纪人的定性研究,将融合叙事与那些试图符合理想叙事但未能达到理想结果的人的声音进行对比,对融合叙事进行了批评。使用巴赫金的独白和史诗话语的概念,它挑战了语言学习和整合作为“精湛技艺的测试”的观点(沙利文,2012,第49页),保证值得通过。相反,它认为,一系列排斥阻碍了成功的语言习得、劳动力市场准入和社会参与,除非结构性不平等得到解决,否则激励措施虽然可能增加个人对成功的渴望,但是不够的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“We Kiss Everyone’s Hands to Get a Permanent Job, but Where Is It?”: The Failure of the Social Inclusion Narrative for Refugees
Humanitarian migrants, while required to prove their vulnerability to gain entry to a country of settlement, rapidly become subject to an integration narrative where self‐sufficiency is the primary aim. In the integration narrative, language learning is conceptualised as an individual endeavour that will inevitably lead to employment, while linguistic fluency and social inclusion tend to be presented as the inevitable outcomes of engagement in the labour market. Lack of success is attributed to individual failures and is typically addressed through policies designed to incentivise the individual to try harder. Drawing on a qualitative study involving refugees, language teachers and settlement brokers in New Zealand and Sweden, this article critiques the integration narrative by contrasting it with the voices of those who have sought to conform to the ideal narrative yet failed to reach the idealised outcomes. Using M. M. Bakhtin’s notions of monologue and epic dis‐ courses, it challenges the view of language learning and integration as “a test of virtuosity” (Sullivan, 2012, p. 49) which the deserving are guaranteed to pass. Instead, it argues that a range of exclusions prevents successful language acquisition, labour market entry, and social engagement and that incentives, while potentially increasing the individual’s desire for success, are insufficient unless structural inequalities are addressed.
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来源期刊
Social Inclusion
Social Inclusion Social Sciences-Sociology and Political Science
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
114
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: Social Inclusion is a peer-reviewed open access journal, which provides academics and policy-makers with a forum to discuss and promote a more socially inclusive society. The journal encourages researchers to publish their results on topics concerning social and cultural cohesiveness, marginalized social groups, social stratification, minority-majority interaction, cultural diversity, national identity, and core-periphery relations, while making significant contributions to the understanding and enhancement of social inclusion worldwide. Social Inclusion aims at being an interdisciplinary journal, covering a broad range of topics, such as immigration, poverty, education, minorities, disability, discrimination, and inequality, with a special focus on studies which discuss solutions, strategies and models for social inclusion. Social Inclusion invites contributions from a broad range of disciplinary backgrounds and specializations, inter alia sociology, political science, international relations, history, cultural studies, geography, media studies, educational studies, communication science, and language studies. We welcome conceptual analysis, historical perspectives, and investigations based on empirical findings, while accepting regular research articles, review articles, commentaries, and reviews.
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